Hay 16, 1867. ] 



JOURNAL OF HORTIOULTUEE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



347 



qnantity of whitening in the milk will give as much shade as 

 Hartley's rough glass.— R. F. 



COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— May 15. 



NoTWiTHSTANDmo the cnld wind prevailing during the last few dnys, 

 abundance of produce, both forced and from the open ground, is hrou«ht 

 in bv the Rrowers. Of Peaches and Nectarines there is a Rood supply, 

 and'foreign imports are well kept up. They comprise Cherries, Straw- 

 berries, and Apricots, with the usual description of vegetables. 



Apples i sieve 



Apricots doz 



Cherries box 



Chestunta bush. 



Currants j sieve 



Black do. 



Figs doz. 



Filberts lb. 



Cobs lb. 



Gooseberries . . quart 

 Grapes, Hothouse, .lb. 

 Lemons 100 



Artichokes each 



Asparaciis bundle 



Beans. Kidnev.per 100 



ScarletRun.^ sieve 



Beet. Red doz. 



Broccoli bundle 



Bros. Sprouts i sieve 



Cftbbaee .". doz. 



Capsicums 100 



Carrots bunch 



Cauliflower doz. 



Celery bundle 



encumbers each 



pickling .... doz. 



Endive doz. 



Fennel bunch 



Garlic lb. 



Herbs bunch 



Horseradish . . bundle 



B. d. 



2 0to3 



n 



3 

 





 



d 











4 



B. d. s. d 



Melons each 4 to 8 



Nectarines doz. 30 86 



Orancres 100 



j Peaches doz. 



Pears fdessert) .. doz. 



kitchen doz. 



[ Pine Apples lb. 



! Plums i sieve 



9 1 6 j Quinces doz. 



1 6 j Raspberries lb. 



10 I Strawberries oz. 



n 9 

 5 

 5 10 ' Walnuts bnsh. 10 20 O 



VEGETABLES. 



8. d. a. d 



n 6 ton 8 

 n 



6 



2 







3 



S 







1 











6 



2 



1 4 







2 



3 



8 



8 



2 6 



Leeks bunch 



Lettuce per doz. 



Mushrooms .... pottle 

 Mustd.A Cress, punnet 



Onions per bushel 



Parsley per sieve 



Parsnips doz. 



Peas per quart 



Potatoes bushel 



Kidnev do. 



Radishes doz. bunches 



Rhubarb bundle 



Savoys doz. 



Sea-kale basket 



Shallots lb. 



Spinach bushel 



Tomatoes .... per doz. 



Turnips bnnch 



Vegetable Marrows dz. 



TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 



Williatn Bull, King's Road, Chelsea, London, S.W. — Retail 

 List of Neir, Beautiful, and Bare Plants. 



James Veitch.& Sons, Royal Exotic Nursery, King's Road, 

 Chelsea, London, and CoombeWood, Kinpston Hill, Surrey. — 

 Catalogue of Neio and Beaxdifid Plants — Plant Catalogiie — List 

 of Select Softwooded a7id Bedding Plants, d-c. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



••• We request that no one will write privately to the depart- 

 mental writers of the "Journal of Horticulture, Cottage 

 Gardener, and Country Gentleman." By eo doing they 

 are subjected to unjustifiable trouble and expense. All 

 communications should therefore be addressed solely to 

 The Editors of the Journal of Horticulture, (&c., 171, Fleet 

 Street, London, E.C. 



Back Nusiber Required.— 2s. &d. will be ^ven for No. 169, of The 

 Journal of Horticulture, date Sist June, 1834, by Mr. Thomas Kelly, 

 60 and 61, Albany, Liverpool. 



Insect on Rose Trees {E. Collins) — The insect which has eaten the 

 bark from the shoots of your stand:ird Rosea is a Curculio, or Weevil, and 

 we think, from the specimens sent, C. sulcatus. Your best mode of ex- 

 terminating it is to spread a white cloth beneath each bush after dark, 

 and then phnke the bush. The marauders fall on the cloth and may then 

 be easily destroyed. This mav be repeated twice or oftener every night, 

 until no more are captured. The Grass you mention is hardy. 



Orchard-house and General Garden Management.—" I happen to 

 have a similar quantity of tfround, two acres, but cannot, like ' C. P.,' 

 make a sixteen-year-old lad and an occasional labourer, added to my 

 own slender services, suffice to keep such a garden — at present without 

 houses of any kind— in such order as I wish to see it. Would * C. P.' 

 give us some further insight into his mode of procedure ; how he has laid 

 out his ground, whether he luxuriates in much flower culture, or has 

 much of his ground in open shrubbery? as these points materially 

 affect the expenditure of labour. If I could work as ' C. P.' does ia the 

 management of his garden, I should not hesitate to put up orchard- 

 houses, but at present the extra tax in skilled labour this would entail 

 deters me. I hope ' C. P.' will be induced to favour the readers of the 

 Journal with another instalment, that we may find his talisman and so 

 extend our gardening operations without increasing our staff.— Stra- 



SCRIBER." 



AspARAr.DS Blight (J. C. D.).—A parasitical fungus has attacked them, 

 closely resembling Uredo flosculosum, but quite new to ns. We shonld 

 cut off all the shr.ots attacked by it before the fungi shed their spores, 

 and apply two or three strong dressings of common salt to the bed. 



Nectabine Tree not Bearing (A. Ii.}.—'We see no reason why In a 

 house which becomes so hot in summer, and without artificial heat, yonr 

 Nectarine tree did not rippn its wood, as well as show and set blossom- 

 buds, though we do not think there is any gain in taking much from a 

 tree the second year after planting. There is nothing in the character of 

 the house to account fiT the tree being unfruitful, as the heat in sunny 

 days ought to have ripened th* wood in the autunm if the tree had ob- 

 tained justice. ExcesHive heat during the summer could be guarded 

 against by more ventilation and slight shading in the brightest days. A 

 very small proportion of a pennyworth of whitLning, if employed to colour 

 some water white, and tbroflii on the glass outside with a syringe, would 

 brenk the force of the sun's rays in May, June, and July, whilst the sun 

 could scarcely be too briglit to ripen fruit and to mature wood. We think 

 your want of success has been owing to your leaving the tree to take its 

 own mode of growth, which rendered your consnltiug the admirable 

 directions of Mr. Brabant and Mr. Rivers of but little use to you, as what- 

 ever system is adopted it must be carried out thoroughly if success is to 

 be obtained. Your tree was planted two years ago in fresh soil against the 

 bnck wall of your house, " and last year it covered itself with long willow- 

 like shoots — became a bush in fact." Now, if the tree was in the bush 

 form when you obtained it, it might have been best to have continued it 

 in that form, pinching the strongest shoots first, as Mr. Brehaut advocates, 

 and, after securing the necessary number of equal-sized shoots, stopping 

 them when 15 or 18 inches in length, so as to swell the buds behind and 

 lessen growth, as the most of the growth made afterwards would be cut 

 away at the winter pruning. From your description, however, your tree 

 had been allowed to take its will, and produce as many as it liked of its 

 willow shoots all Inst summer, unstopped or unchecked, and so thickly, 

 we presume, that the sun could not reach thera The fact of the leaves 

 rem.aining all the winter is a proof that the wood was not ripened; and 

 though these leaves were at the points of the shoots, and therefore of 

 less consequence, still the wood nearer home would have been better per- 

 fected if they had been stopped in summer and thinned out so as to let 

 the sun play upon them freely. For a good fruit-bud to be formed at the 

 base of a leaf, the sun's rays should have access to that leaf. Again, if yoti 

 had decided on the bush or even the pyramidal form, the tree would have 

 , been better planted in yonr border farther from the wall, so that the sun and 

 air would have had access all round it. You leave us in doubt, however, 

 as to whether you mean this bush form to be continued, as you ask, with 

 this pinching on Mr. Rivers's plan, "bow tho tree is to get the shape I 

 want it, and cover the wall ?" The tre^ having had its own way last sum- 

 mer, most likely the gardener did quite right in cutting out in February 

 the rankest, most luxuriant shoots, and might have gone farther and 

 shortened the others left ; but, presuming, as you say now that these 

 shoots, though unfruiffnl, are healthy, and studded all over with young 

 shoots, some 2 inches or so apart, then we would advise as follows: — If 

 you determine on the bush or pyramidal style, allow the terminal young 

 shoot to gi'ow 6 inches or more before stopping, slip off with a knife fully 

 one-half of the young side shoots coming, and stop the others accord- 

 ing to Mr. Rivers's advice. You will not have such a thicket of third and 

 fourth growths as you imagine, and when they do become thick you may 

 thin them; most of them will be removed at the end of autumn. The 

 lower part of these side shoots— those that are puzzling you now, will all 

 be stored with fruit-buds next season if you give plenty of air and sun, 

 and little water after September— in fact, they will be very much like 

 yonr Cherry tree, which is so fruitful and needs little stopping because it 

 is old. The stopping above referred to will make a young tree whilst 

 vigorous as fruitful as an old one. If you mean to cover the wall as 

 soon as possible, spread out the.se shoots in the fan style, leaving the 

 centre shoot well cut down, so as to furnish shoots to fill the centre. Now, 

 you may adopt one of two modes. First, the old mode by which the 

 shoots formed this summer bear the fruit the next, and a fresh shoot 

 taken from the bottom replaces them. In this case you save the young 

 shoot that is coming from near the end of last year's shoot to continue 

 the leaders and fill the wall, stopping, or not stopping, according to its 

 strength, and at once you may remove about half of the other small shoots 

 with a sharp knife, doing it by degrees, so as not to interfere with root- 

 action, but so as to leave the young shoots on the upper sides of last 

 vear's shoots about 12 or 1.^ inches apart, allowing each to grow that 

 length before stopping. On these little shoots that now so bewilder yoa, 

 thus thinned, you will depend chiefly for your next year's crop. Another 

 plan is to make your present fhoots, and the terminal fresh ones now 

 coming, the main leaders and fixtures; thin the small side shoots only 

 half as much— say to 6 inches apart, stop these when 3 or 4 inches long — 

 make them into short spurs in fact— and keep them as such, merely thin- 

 ning thera out a little when too thick. By this plan, when you fasten 

 your main shoots to the wall, you may do all the rest without nailing, 

 tying, or much winter pruning. By the older and generally practised 

 mode against walls you must cut out the shoot that bears this season, 

 and be supplied with another from its base to succeed it next year. 



Burning Weeds {E. P.).— There is no law prohibiting the burning of 

 weeds in a garden. If any damage is occasioned by such buniing the 

 person burning the weeds would, of course, be liable to an action to 

 recover the amount of that damage. Although there is no law prohibit- 

 ing the burning of weeds, yet if the smoke so caused is offensive to a 

 neighbour, it would be woU not to burn them, except when the wind 

 blows in a direction from wis premises. 



Wireworms (Inquirer). — There is no wholesale mode of destroying 

 these pests except by paring and burning 9 inches in depth of the entire 

 surface of your garden. Frequent digging and picking them out thins 

 them very much. Growing a crop of White Mustard is said to drive them 

 away. Powdered oil cake about seeds when sown, or around the roots of 

 a plant, are said to keep the vermin from injuring them. 



Cucumbers not Swelling their Fruit {H. T. j/.).— With the healthy 

 Cucumbers which refuse to swell their fruit, your only chance is to 

 diminish vigour by taking away some of the older and larger leaves, 

 give less water, more air, and thin out the young fruit when young. For 

 those you intend planting we would advise using nothing but fresh 

 sandy loam— no manure of any kind— and if that do not give strength 

 enough afford some clear manure waterings. Avoid in such a case 

 rotten dung, lenf mould, and anything of the kind in the compost. These 

 vagaries, and the different diseases which affect Cucumbers, are little 

 understood. Young plants and fresh poor soil are the chief remedies. 



Gas Stove (H. R. J.).— Being without a flue, it would be injurioos to 

 plants. Let no representations induce you to use it among them. 



