189I.] NEW-YORK MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY. 97 



we see the cartilaginous structure of the bones, as yet unossi- 

 fied, bundles of muscles, and blood vessels. The forked, horny 

 tongue is enclosed in a sheath, from which it can be protruded 

 through an indentation of the mouth, even when the mouth is 

 closed. Above the tongue is the larynx. This is placed extra- 

 ordinarily far forward, and can be projected into the mouth dur- 

 ing the long and difficult act of swallowing. The adjoining 

 trachea shows cartilaginous rings. While all reptiles breathe 

 only by lungs, the embryonic stage of the object still shows the 

 presence of gills. The gullet has a thin, extensible wall. The 

 nasal apertures are placed near the apex of the snout. The 

 olfactory organ has a second groove, with a large surface of mu- 

 cous membrane, supported by cartilaginous whorls. The olfac- 

 tory nerve rises at the end of the olfactory lobe, and is spread out 

 like a cup around a cartilaginous papilla. The eyes are without 

 lids, but are protected by a transparent capsule, formed by the 

 skin, filled with lachrymal fluid, and transparent in front of the 

 pupil and cornea. The eyes show all the constituents of a highly 

 developed vertebrate: cornea, crystalline lens, anterior and pos- 

 terior chamber, iris with pupil, retina with its different layers, 

 choroid with pigment, and optic nerve. The brain, enclosed 

 m the cartilaginous capsula, shows differentiation in layers and 

 structure." 



PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. 



The Microscope: Vol. X., No. 11 — Vol. XI., No. i (November, 1890 — 

 January, 1891). 



Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club: Vol. XVII., No. 12— Vol. XVIII., 

 No. 2 (December, 1890— February, 1891). 



Natural Science Association of Staten Island: Proceedings; Meetings of 

 December, 1890, and January, 1891. 



Journal of Mycology: Vol. VI., No. 3 (January, 1891). 



The Botanical Gazette: Vol. XV., No. 12— Vol. XVI., No. 2 (December, 

 1890— February, 1891). 



Insect Life: Vol. III., Nos. 4, 5 (November, 1890, January, 1S91). 



Entomologica Americana: Vol. VII., No. 12 (December, 1890). 



Psyche: Nos. 175—178 (November, 1890 — February, 1891). 



Anthony's Photographic Bulletin: Vol. XXL, No. 23— Vol. XXII. , No. 3 

 (December 13, 1890— February 14, 1891). 



Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia: Proceedings; 1890, Part 2. 



