586 Journal of Agriculture. [10 Sept., 1909. 



continue the self -boiled lime and sulphur treatment as a fungicide, which 

 is likewise an insecticide. 



Root Rot. — Remove soil from roots as far as possible, and apply 

 Bordeaux mixture, a mixture of lime and sulphur, or sulphate of iron 

 (i lb. to 4 gallons of water), after having first cut away and removed the 

 worthless roots. All roots of native timber should be absolutely removed 

 from ground that is to be planted under orchard. 



Spray Mixtures. 

 Arsenitc of Lead. — Boil i gallon of water with i lb. of arsenic and 

 2 lbs. of washing soda until arsenic is dissolved. Dissolve 7 lbs. of 

 acetate of lead in 2 gallons of w-arm water. When not too hot add these 

 two mixtures together and agitate thoroughly. Many growers boil them 

 after mixing and claim good results. The above quantity is sufficient 

 to make 360 to 400 gallons of spray. 



Arsenate of Lead. — Dissolve 11 ozs. acetate of lead in half-a-gallon of 

 water, in another vessel dissolve 4 ozs. arsenate of soda in half-a-gallon 

 of water, pour the soda solution into the lead solution, stir, and add from 

 40 to 50 gallons of water. Hot water dissolves these chemicals more 

 rapidly and completely than cold water. Wooden pails should be used. 

 This product has a distinct advantage over all other arsenical perparations. 

 It is practicallv harmless to foliage, remains longer in suspension, and 

 is more adhesive. The process of manufacture is simple enough, but 

 as there is often a difficulty in getting chemicals of proper purity it is 

 questionable whether the fruit-grower would not be better served with the 

 leading brands of arsenate of lead now on the market. 



Red Oil and Crude Petroleum Oil Emulsion. — Boil i garhrr'. of water 

 and I lb. of hard soap sliced up, or 2 lbs. of soft soap until the soap is dis- 

 solved. Remove from the fire and add 2 gallons of the oil ; replace, and 

 bring to the boil. Thoroughly agitate until oil emulsifies. A small 

 lump of washing soda assists the emulsifying. 



If red oil, use i in 15, and for red scale and lecanium. i in 30 ; i in 

 TO is the strength at which crude petroleum emulsion is used for mussel 

 scale, red spider (bryobia), and woolly aphis. 



Lime and Sulphur. — Lime, 20 lbs. ; flowers of sulphur, 15 lbs. ; water, 

 50 gallons. Slake the lime in about 20 gallons of water, and add the 

 sulphur, previously mixed up into a stiff paste, to the slaking lime. The 

 whole mixture should be boiled for one hour in an iron kettle over a fire, 

 keeping well stirred all the time, after which the full quantity of water 

 may be added and then promptlv applied before the sulphides are lost by 

 cooling and crystallization. Material should be strained and thoroughly 

 agitated. To increase adhesiveness, 2 or 3 lbs. of salt mav be added. 



Self-Boiled Lime Sulphur. — Lime, 10 lbs. ; sieved sulphur, 10 lbs. ; 

 water, 50 gallons. Place lime in barrel and pour on enough water to start 

 it slaking, about 6 quarts. Then add the sulphur, and finallv enough 

 water to slake the lime into a paste. Keep well stirred, and after the 

 violent boiling ceases the mixture should Ije diluted readv for spraving. 

 Five to fifteen minutes are required for the process, according as the lime 

 is quick acting or sluggish. 



Bordeaux. — Bluestone, 6 lbs. ; fresh unslaked lime. 4 lbs. ; water, 50 

 gallons. Slake the lime with a small quantltv of water and then make up 

 to 25 gallons. Dissolve bluestone in 25 gallons of water. Run evenly 

 through strainer into third vessel. Stir well and apply with fine spray. 



