76o 



Journal of Agriculture. 



[lo Dec, 1909. 



Fig. 3 shows Roy's machine, introduced in 1890. in which stt-mming 

 precedes crushing as in Australian machines. 



Fig. 4 will give some idea of the working portion of the Gaillot 

 stemmer — the photograph, which is a i)ortion of the machine at Yering- 

 berg already referred to, shows the actual appearance of the spindle 

 and pegs. The following dimensions may prove of interest : — Concave 

 4 ft. 3 in. long and 18 inches diameter; spindle i| inch in diameter, 

 teeth or pegs \ inch iron yf inches long ; distance apart (centre to centre; 

 I 7-16 inch. There are two spiral roAvs of pegs exactlv opposite 

 to each other, each of which makes two complete turns in the length 

 of the spindle. The pegs are flattened out to a blade about 15 inch 

 wide for the half of their length furthest away from the spindle. The\- 

 are so set on the spindle that the flattened blade is in the same plane as 

 the spindle; in other words, they are not .set obliquely, as might be ex- 

 pected. The three last pegs of each row are joined by a small iron plate 

 6 inches x 3 inches which, owing to its oblique set, throws out from the 

 cylinder such stalks as have reached the end. The "concave" is made 

 of gun-metal with holes about i inch in diameter. The Gnillot machine 



I'lG. 4. WORKING Pari OF GAILLOr b MACHINE. 



is of the same type as Mabillt-s and Co(j's, crushing being performed before 

 stemming. The size in use at Yeringberg is able to treat about 2 tons of 



grapes per hour. 



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The object of the i)rrsent article is to bring the matter under the 

 notice of those interested in sufficient time to permit of their making altera- 

 tions for the coming \intage, should they desire to do so. The writer 

 has had occasion to discuss the matter with several growers, both in 

 this State and South Australia. One of the.se, who found fault with the 

 shredding of the .stalks which he had observed, was of opinion that the 

 countersinking of the holes in the " concave " from the inside, so that 

 there w-ould ibe no sharp edges for the bunches to be rubbed against, 

 would obviate the trouble. This would no doubt be an improvement, 

 but the alteration of the spindle to .something like those used in French 

 machines, will doubtless be found more satisfactory and probably simpler. 

 Rov's machine (3) shows that it will not be necessarv to alter the mill 

 in such a way as to make crushing precede stemming in the usual French 



wav. 



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