II July, 1910.] Subsoiling. 469 



^4 17s. 6d. each. As there are no special difficulties in making these 

 implements, drawings and specifications are published herewith. This 

 subsoiler is of course only used after a single-furrow plough and in suitable 

 .soil mav be used 12 inches below the bottom of the furrow or. say, 18 

 inches from the surface. The draught is comparatively light; two horses 

 are sufficient in easy ground, but four are necessary in stiff er soil. For 

 shallower work, under 12 inches total depth, the Kemp subsoil foot, 

 •described in the Journal for April, 1908, is a useful attachment, especially 

 as it may be used with a multiple furrow plough. 



Specification for Subsoiling Plough. 

 The ploughs are to be of the best material and workmanship through- 

 out, to be of good finish and to be painted in the usual manner. 



Beam. — The beam is to be made of 5 in. x 3i- in. dressed blue gum, 

 tapered from coulter to 3^ in. x 3^ in. at the nose. 



Coulter and Stay. — The knife coulter is to be of steel 3 in. x | in. 

 drawn out to a knife edge making it 5 inches wide for a height of 12 inches 

 above the sole plate and to be 19 inches in length from underside of 

 washer or plate at beam to top of sole plate, and to be of necessary extra 

 lengths to pass through sole plate and to be securely riveted thereto and to 

 pass through beam tapering to f in. round screwed for nut and secured 

 by nut and flat 3 in. x 3I in. washer. A shear steel cutting edge is to 

 be let in and welded to coulter. 



The stay is to be steel 2\ in. x. \ in., i ft. 8i in. length, to be riveted 

 to sole plate at a distance of 7 in. between outsides from knife coulter, to 

 pass through beam tapering to | in. round screwed for nut and secured 

 by nut and 2| in. circular washer. The plate washer 18 in. x 2^ in. x 

 § in. on the under side of beam is to be secured to it by two § in. bolts. 



Foot. — The subsoiling foot is composed of a .sole plate and removable 

 share. The .sole plate is to be of the dimensions shown, to be of the best 

 annealed crucible cast steel and to have the coulter and stay riveted to it. 

 The share is to be of the dimensions shown, to be of | in. shear steel drawn 

 out with a gradual taper to the cutting edge and is to be accurately fitted 

 and secured to the sole plate with five best steel countersunk \ in. bolts. 



Draught. — The draught consists of shackle, drawbar and regulator. The 

 shackle is to be f in. iron 4 in. over all and secured to coulter by a | in. 

 bolt passing through a hole ij inch below shoulder and i inch back from 

 front edge of coulter. 



The drawbar is to be of f in. iron, 3 ft. 5 in. over all and with welded 

 eyes 2 inches internal diameter. 



The regulator is to be of malleable cast iron as figured and is secured 

 to nose of beam by a \ inch bolt secured by sunken nut. 



Depth Regulator. — The wheel is to be 8 inches diameter by 2 inches 

 tread and attached to arms of i^ in. x ^ in. iron of the shape figured 

 which pass through malleable cast adjusting clamps, as figured, secured 

 to beam by f in. bolt. 



Stilts. — Stilts are to be of iron of ordinary type with wooden half 

 handles and secured to beam in position shown by two | in. bolts. The 

 handles should be about 4 feet above the bottom of the foot. 



Cast Steel Share. — The cast steel share is to be of similar shape to the 

 wrought steel shares but with a least thickness of | inch and thickened 

 out to give 2 inches at the nose of solid metal and to accurately fit sole 

 plate. 



