lo Oct., 1910.] 



Bidlding Hints for Settlers. 



651 



Wash jyoHgJis. — Any one who has had a set of wash troughs knows 

 what a convenience they are. It is indeed a very poor tenement within a 

 •city boundary that does not possess them, and their use and benefits would 

 be none the less appreciated in the country. No. 18 shows a set of troughs 

 and a portable copper fixed in position. They may be placed in any 

 outbuilding. The copper should stand on an earthern or brick floor, and 

 the flue pass through the roof. A portable copper will last much longer 

 under cover than if exposed in the open. The flue hole may be made 

 watertight as in No. 19, the lead being dressed around the pipe as shown. 



Wash troughs in kauri timber or galvanized iron may be purchased. 

 Timber troughs should be kept full of water to prevent them splitting. 

 Iron troughs will answer very well, if they are wiped out, and not allowed 

 to rust. It is desirable that there should be a wooden floor for the person 

 using them to stand on. 



The troughs can be placed in position in like manner to the sink, with 

 a piece of iron flashing fixed against the back, and the water pipe 

 in front of this. The waste-pipe can be made similarly to that of the 

 sink; but a branch is required for the extra trough. To make and fix a 

 waste to the trough, first solder a tapered socket to the bra.ss washer. In 

 all purchased iron troughs this should be already fixed. Then make an 

 elbow on a length of pipe with a suitable fall. Next mark the position 

 of the branch on the waste-pipe 

 after you have temporarily placed it 

 in position. Remove the pipe, cut 

 out the branch hole and solder as 

 previouslv directed. Then finally 

 solder the .sockets, washers and pipes 

 in position. Fix any clips on the 

 pipes that mav be required to keep 

 them firm. If these troughs are 

 in a detached hiuilding. they will 

 not require trapping. For ordi- 

 nary work, down - pipe may be 

 u.sed for wastes, but if a first- 

 class job is wanted, lead or 

 wrought iron must be used, and this 

 can only be handled by expert 

 tradesmen. 



Baths and Bathrooms. — The bathing of the body is necessary if one 

 wishes to keep in good health. The luxury of bathing is not monopolized 

 by the rich ; it is within the reach of all who have the planning and design- 

 ing of the farm homestead or country residence in their own hands. 

 They can have a bathroom fitted up, ranging from the simplest type to 

 the twentieth century bath, which embraces a plunge, hip-spray, and other 

 luxuries. 



A common gahanized iron bath with a 2-inch galvanized iron waste 

 discharging into a 4-inch half-round drain is illustrated on page 652. The 

 water supply is drawn from an outside tank, and, in this case, would be 

 limited ; care should therefore be used to avoid waste. In common with 

 the usual practice this bath is encased in woodwork and has a fall of about 

 |-inch to the outlet. The rim is covered by a capping, and flashing 

 should be fixed over this and against any wall the bath adjoins. The 

 Avaste-pipe in this case goes under the floor, and, if entirely disconnected 

 from the living rooms, a trap is not necessary. This waste can also be 



FLASHING TO COPPER CHIMNEY. 



