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em exposure. A satisfactory growth could hardly be expected upon 

 such unnatural conditions. The failure of the Vjlack locust plantations 

 set out by the rennsylvania Railroad has o^iven the tree "a black eye." 

 It is not fair to condemn the tree on so few trial experiments. How- 

 ever, if the failures are charj^eable they should be charged against the 

 forester who recommended the setting out of the trees under such 

 unnatural conditions, rather than against the tree itself. In my opinion, 

 foresters will act wisely by favoring the black locust in mixture with 

 other trees in filling up vacancies produced by the disappearing chest- 

 nut. 



Chestnut oak. pitch pine, and black locust are only three of the 

 many trees which are replacing the chestnut on dry mountain slopes 

 and mountain tops. There are others, such as black oak, pignut 

 hickory, black birch, taljle mountain pine, and Jersey or scrub pine 

 which are also helping fill in the gaps. Some may wonder why I 

 mention table mountain \nnc and Jersey or scrub pine. Table mountain 

 pine occurs locally in pure stands on the mountain tops of southern 

 Pennsylvania, and has been utilized on a small scale in the manufacture 

 of charcoal. Scattered specimens occur among the hardwoods on the 

 slopes and attain a larger size than in the pure stands on the mountain 

 tops. One specimen which grew up among the chestnut attained a 

 diameter of 23 inches and a height of 72 feet with a clear length of 

 4o feet. This tree was larger than the maximum size given for the 

 species by Dr. C. S. Sargent in his Manual of North American Trees. 

 It grows not only upon the mountain tops and upper slopes as the name 

 indicates, but makes its best growth and attains its greatest size best 

 form along the foothills and in the valleys, where it occurs occasionally. 

 I have found thrifty trees in the woodlots of agricultural valleys and 

 upon the rocky islands of the vSusquehanna River at an altitude of only 

 200 feet above the sea level. 



Jersey or scrub pine is also worthy of consideration. It is a very 

 ordinary tree, but by no means should it be despised. There is room 

 for it in many forest stands. It extends northward in Pennsylvania 

 along the west branch of the Susquehanna to Jersey Mills along Pine 

 Creek in Lycoming County. About ten miles south of its northern 

 limit. 18,000 board feet of it was cut on a single woodlct an-l u'^erl 

 in the construction of one of the finest bams in northern Pennsylvania. 

 Fine specimens remain in the woodlot. They grew up in mixture with 

 the hardwood and are regarded as satisfactory members of the forest 

 structure. 



