42 G JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



The spruce, 1 to 10 feet high at the time of cutting, had made a total 

 height growth of only 5.2 feet since then. 



In the spruce flat type, cut clear 11 years ago, a 1-acre permanent 

 sample plot was established under the plan approved by the New York 

 Section of the Society of American Foresters (Journal OF Forestry, 

 XVI, 8, 9224)27). Six excellent charts show the conditions on this 

 area and support the following observations : The brush piles still 

 prevent the reproduction of forest on the spots they cover. The crown 

 cover is open and the ground is covered largely by raspberry bushes. 

 Less than 8 per cent of the seedlings are softwoods because the "deep 

 humus . . . dries severely on exposure to the sun (which) pre- 

 vents tree seeds from germination and checks the growth of seed- 

 lings . . . most marked on burned lands, its effect appears on cut- 

 over lands wherever the soil is exposed to direct sunlight. The . . . 

 raspberry bushes . . . are not in foliage early enough to protect 

 the germinating softwood seedlings." 



Space does not permit of a similar detailed review of the remaining 

 portions of the bulletin, although these are equally valuable. A dis- 

 cussion of planting on cut-over lands is much the same as Professor 

 Belyea's paper read at the annual meeting of the Society of American 

 Foresters in New York on December 20, 1920, and will be found printed 

 in the February number of this volume of the Journal. 



Next is discussed the influence of burning on the forest. On an 

 average acre of hardwood land burned 11 years ago and cut 5 years 

 previous to that, there were the following trees 1 inch d.b.h. and over : 

 800 fire cherry, 234 aspen, 168 red maple, 145 yellow birch, 89 sugar 

 maple, 85 black cherry, and a scattering of others. 



The height and diameter growth of hardwood saplings is shown by 

 means of a series of the excellent graphs for which Professor McCarthy 

 has become noted. The trees are all plotted to 14 years of age and 

 diagrams on the same scale are presented for comparison. In pole 

 stands of yellow birch, measurements were made at Lake Ozonia and 

 at Cranberry Lake, the former in a stand 60 years old showed the 

 following representation of trees 1 inch d.b.h. and over, on an average 

 acre: Yellow birch, 844; aspen, 92; spruce. 80; sugar maple, 73; 

 hemlock, 57; beech, 45; total of all species, 1.223. 



At 60 years the yellow birch had attained an average total height of 

 54 feet and a d.b.h. of 6.5 inches. In the 40-year-old stand at Cran- 

 berry Lake the results were comparable and warrant the conclusion 



