520 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



The writer, representing one of the larger [Maine concerns, is work- 

 ing up to a planting program which by 1924 will embody the planting 

 of 2,000 acres of burned land annually. As previously stated, the 

 question of the choice of species to be used has occupied a great deal of 

 attention but seems now to have been settled on through quite definite 

 proof. 



REQUIREMENTS OF SPECIES FOR PLANTING 



The chief factors entering into the decision of the question of what 

 species to use are : 



1. Adaptability of wood to pulp manufacture. 



2. Adaptability of species to existing growing conditions. 



3. Rate of growth. 



4. Ease of handling in nursery and field. 



5. Resistance to disease and other natural enemies. 



6. Availability of adequate seed supply. 



ADAPTABILITY TO PULP MANUFACTURE 



Compliance with the first requirement indicates the use of some 

 species of spruce. No other genus has yet been discovered in the 

 world which equals spruce as a pulp producing wood, and it is of 

 course as a consequence of this fact that the pulp industry has estab- 

 lished itself largely within the commercial range of the spruces. 



Three chief species of spruce are now mainly utilized for pulp man- 

 ufacture in America, white or cat spruce (Picea canadensis) ; red or 

 yellow spruce (Picea rubcns) ; and black or swamp spruce {Picea 

 mariana). Through New England and New York the principal pulp 

 species is the red spruce, supplemented by white spruce, black spruce, 

 fir balsam, and to some extent, hemlock. Through Canada the prin- 

 cipal species is white spruce, supplemented by the other species men- 

 tioned. Red spruce, however, occurs in Canada, only in southeastern 

 Quebec and the Maritime Provinces. 



Black spruce has proved to be an excellent pulp species, giving a 

 large yield of excellent fiber per cord, and is much in demand by pulp 

 mill men, though the comparitively limited amount in New England 

 ma'ies it commercially unimportant. There is in Maine a prejudice on 

 the part of pulp mill men against the white spruce, though it is utilized 

 along with the red and black as it happens to come. Commercially it 



