G34 



lOURXAL 01- FORESTRY 



The balsam swamp type includes swampy flats which are covered 

 with dense and heavy stands of balsam and spruce with few hard- 

 woods. The soil is moist to wet and comparatively deep. 



'I'hc surface soil over the whole region is largely an accumulation 

 of (Icliris or humus with little mineral matter. 



METHOD OF STUDY 



In order to study the windfall a strip survey was made of an area 

 located on either side of Lake Ne-ha-sa-ne in a belt from one-eighth 

 to one-half mile wide extending for about five miles from below the 

 outlet to above the head of the lake. Parallel lines were run by staff 

 compass from the lake shore back into the country at half-mile in- 

 tervals and a tally was made of all the trees in a strip one chain wide, 

 tallying by types the number of trees of each species and diameter 

 which were standing, uprooted and broken. The tallies were kept 

 separate for the area logged in 1915 and that untouched since 1898. 

 In this way a 2^> per cent estimate of an area of about 2,890 acres 

 was made, of which l.SGO acres were in the area southeast of the 

 lake logged in 1915 and 1.0:50 acres in the area northwest of the lake 

 not recently logged. 



The results of this estimate are summarized in the following tables : 



SPRUCE TYPE. 



H.'S.RDWOOD TYPE. 



Spruce . . . . 



Balsam 



Hardwoods. 



Area logged in 1898, 

 28.1 acres beasured 



.\r.-a lagged in 1S9G and 1915, 

 17.7 acr-s measured 



Total 

 No. trees 



1,227 

 1.5.3 



2,817 



Per cent 

 standing 



98 

 86 

 100 



Per cent 

 down 



Total 

 No. trees 



Per cent 

 standing 



Pc- cent 

 down 



