EFFECT OF SPIRAL GRAIN ON STRENGTH 



745 



In view of the showing of these tests and of the fact that in so 

 many of the uses of timber strength and shock resistance are of great 

 importance, it is apparent that the exercise of considerable effort to 

 discover and overco:ne if possible the causes of spiral grain in tree 



Pig_ 3. — Effect of spiral and diagonal grain on maximum crushing strength. 

 White ash. 



