REGENERATION ON CUT-OVER HARDWOOD LANDS 873 



An attempt was made to determine the following points : 



(1) The amount, condition, and possibiHties of future growth and 

 seed production of the trees left standing after logging. 



(2) The extent to which the older hardwood trees had sprouted. 



(3) The extent to which younger trees either those cut or those 

 otherwise destroyed in logging had sprouted. Trees below 6 inches in 

 diameter were considered as the younger trees and their sprouts called 

 for lack of a better term, sapling sprouts. 



(4) The amount and quality of seedling growth resulting from 

 plants already on the ground when the area was cut off. 



(5) The amount and quality of seedling growth resulting from 

 seedings established after the cutting of the stand. 



(6) The condition of the ground cover at the present time and 

 its effect upon regeneration. 



(7) The condition of the logging slash, the extent to which it in- 

 terferes with regeneration and remains a fire menace. 



The data collected give a good picture of the area as it exists 

 at present and summarized shows: (1) That the trees left after 

 logging show little promise of much future growth and serve very 

 indifferently if at all as seed trees at the present time. (2) That ex- 

 cepting for the basswood the mature hardwoods do not sprout. 

 (3) That the smaller trees cut for lumber or to get them out of the 

 way or destroyed by logging, sprout abundantly and where this class 

 of trees was present even in moderate abundance, the resulting sprouts 

 are numerous and vigorous enough to form a respectable basis for a 

 new crop if their growth is sustained. (A) That except where 

 destroyed by acts of logging a large portion of the seedlings which 

 were on the ground seem able to continue their growth under the new 

 regime. (5) That the seedlings which have come in since the area was 

 cut are mostly derived from wind-blown seeds such as aspen and have 

 taken possession to some extent of the old skid roads and other open- 

 ings, but have come into conflict in the localities wuth grass, and brier 

 of various sorts. (6) That grass and briers speedily capture openings 

 and compete more or less successfully with seedlings derived from seed 

 introduced after the clearing. (7) That the logging slash after seven 

 years is still undecayed or even matted down and remains a serious 

 fire hazard. 



The following is an analysis of the data secured on the twelve 

 quarter-acre plots reduced to acre terms : 



Trees Left Standing. — Number living trees now standing per acre, 

 31. Number which have died since cutting period, 7. Per cent of sur- 



