910 JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 



It is interesting to find on an area in the sugar pine region cut with- 

 out thought of a second growth, with fire protection largely only from 

 the standpoint of protecting logging operations, and with a high fire 

 hazard from wood-burning locomotives, that about one-fifth of the area 

 has excellent reproduction and in addition one-half has reasonably good 

 reproduction, while less than one-third is without reproduction. The 

 bulk of the class one area is found on the earlier logging operations cut 

 previous to 1908, where small low-speed logging machinery was em- 

 ployed and a large part of the advance young growth escaped without 

 damage. Fire did not follow logging to any great extent and the cut- 

 ting was not so clean as later and left more scattered trees capable of 

 producing seed. It does not appear that this part of the tract was ever 

 heavily over-grazed by sheep, possibly on accoimt of lack of forage and 

 the advance growth left after cutting. Further, this portion of the 

 area is largely at a lower elevation w^here reproduction of pine may 

 be easier. 



Most of the logging since 1910 has resulted in reproduction of the 

 second class with a fair amount of class one. Larger machinery was 

 installed and yarding done over greater distances and at greater speed. 

 Under these conditions reasonably good young growth was left or would 

 have come in after logging, except for other factors. Fire has been 

 the most important of these, and when occurring after logging has 

 destroyed advance growth and prevented new growth. These fires were 

 not the controlled burning of slash, but were accidental and became very 

 hot before they were stopped. Thus both reproduction and trees capable 

 of producing seed were killed on extensive areas. Another factor in 

 decreasing the stocking of the reproduction in this class was uncon- 

 trolled grazing by sheep. In many places adjoining bedding grounds 

 the smaller reproduction has been nipped ofl:' either completely or so 

 repeatedly that it is hopelessly stunted. Frequently this damage was 

 sufficient to reduce a plot to the next lower class. 



The plots of cut-over land that came naturally in class three made up 

 only a small part of the total. Most of the areas in this class had been 

 burned . over after logging and then heavily grazed. One extensive 

 area was heavily burned once or twice after logging with the result that 

 all reproduction and standing trees were killed, and since that time 

 heavy grazing has apparently kept out any seedlings that may have 

 started. The burned area now contains nothing but brush and no 

 seedlings can be seen. Thus it appears that, in the general locality of 



