742 ELECTRIFICATION AND DLFFUSION OF WATER 



In the presence of electrolytes belonging to Group B (Table V) 

 water migrated to the anode, as it should on the basis of our rules. 

 The following electrolytes were tried: m/1024 La2Cl6, m/1024 lantha- 

 num ammonium nitrate, m/1024 Ce2Cl6, m/1024 AI2CI6, m/1024 

 Al2(S04)3, and m/1024 ThCU. 



In the presence of m/250 HCl and m/250 HNO3, tartaric and m/512 

 phosphoric acids water also migrated to the anode, but the rate of 

 migration was very slow; in the case of m/500 or m/1000 H2SO4 

 practically no migration was noticeable. 



In the presence of m/512 BeCl2 water migrated also to the anode 

 as was to be expected. Most interesting were the experiments with 

 m/500 H3PO4, NaH2P04, Na2HP04, and Na3P04. All, with the ex- 

 ception of H3PO4, caused a migration to the cathode, which again is in 

 agreement with our rule. It may also be stated that when m/512 

 NaCl solution was rendered acid, e.g. when the pH was 4.0 or 3.7, 

 the water migrated to the anode. 



We may therefore state that our assumption concerning the influ- 

 ence of electrolytes on the sign of the electrical charge of water 

 molecules is supported not only by the facts for the explanation of 

 which it was made but also by the direct experiments with electrical 

 osmose. 



VIII. Influence of the Concentration of the Electrolyte in Solution on 



the Electric Effect. 



When water diffuses from pure solvent to a solution, the initial 

 rate of diffusion seems to vary approximately with the concentration 

 of the solute, as long as the latter is a non-electrolyte. When it is an 

 electrolyte the laws of gas pressure are not suspended but may be 

 masked by the electrical forces which act simultaneously with the 

 laws of gas pressure. It seemed of interest to determine the influ- 

 ence of the concentration of the electrolyte upon the rate of diffusion 

 of water through the collodion membrane. To accomplish this the 

 balancing solution of cane sugar was determined for various concen- 

 trations of the electrolyte. Table VIII gives the results of such 

 measurements for various concentrations of KCl, of Na2S04, and of 

 MgClo. 



