JACQUES LOEB 



267 



repelled by the trivalent cation. We understand also why the initial 

 rate of diffusion of water through membranes not treated with gelatin 

 is greater into a solution of H2SO4 than into a solution of HCl, 

 since the positively charged particles of water are attracted by the 

 anion of the acid and the more powerfully the higher the valency of 

 the anion. 



A very simple test will demonstrate that the water diffuses through 

 collodion membranes not treated with gelatin in the form of positively 

 charged particles even in the presence of m/ 1,000 acid. We know from 

 Rule 1 (at the beginning of this paper) that positively charged particles 



I 



o 



• I— I 



CO 



• 1— I 

 T3 



CD 



300 

 280 

 260 

 240 

 220 

 200 

 180 

 160 

 140 

 120 

 100 



80 



60 



40 



20 

 



^LJ:i_ilJ:lJl njl il HjrL n n n 



. 8192 4096 2048 1024 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 ~4~ X 



Concentration 



Fig. 8. Positive osmosis when solutions of the same acids as in Fig. 7 are sepa- 

 rated from water by membranes not treated with gelatin. 



