JACQUES LOEB 



679 



accelerating effect of monatomic, monovalent anions upon the rate 

 of diffusion of positively charged water through negatively charged 

 membranes from the side of pure water to the side of the salt solu- 

 tion increases directly with the order of magnitude of the radius 

 of the anion. 



S-4 



I 



C 

 o 



■ •« — I 



220 



200 



180 



160 



140 



120 



100 



80 



60 



40 



20 







M M N N M M H H H H iM ?M 

 1024 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 



Concentration o[ salt solution 



Fig. 5. The depressing order of cations upon negatively charged membranes 

 is the same for NO3 as for CI (Fig. 4). Solutions alkaline, order of depressing 

 effect Li > Na > K. 



The same relative order of efficiency for the three anions was found 

 also when they were in combination with Li. 



While the anions increase the rate of diffusion of positively charged 

 water through a negatively charged membrane cations diminish it 

 and the question arises in what order the depressing effect of the 



