INVERTEBKATA, CRYPTOGAMIA, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 



581 



rather than to that of Gegenbaur, with respect to the systematic posi- 

 tion of Brisinga ; the classification of the latter is based on two 

 reasons, one of which is that in Brisinga, as in the Ophiui'ida, the enteric 

 tract does not send ca^ca into the anus ; but it has lately been shown 

 that they do extend along the first thii-d of these parts ; while to the 

 second reason, that the arms of Brisinga are separated from the disk, 

 is opposed the statement that the Ophiurid appearance is due to the 

 small (three) number of joints which pass into the skeleton of the 

 disk. The difference insisted on by Sars as obtaining between Brisinga 

 and the other Asterida, the absence of respiratory processes, is regarded 

 as being of small moment, on account of the extreme tenuity of the 

 integument in this form ; while the ancient character of the creature 

 is not regarded by Ludwig as being in any way distinctly proved. 

 This very interesting and important paper is illustrated by a plate of 

 twelve figures. 



Aspidura.* — Dr. Hans Pohlig gives a fresh definition of this 

 interesting Triassic Ophiurid, from the muschelkalk of Germany, 

 which he divides into two subgenera, Amphiglypha and Hemiglyjjha, 

 of which the former is broader and has shorter arm-spines than the 

 latter ; in each case a single species is alone known. He regards this 

 form, which is the only Ophiurid as yet found in this stratum, as 

 representing an extinct genus, which is distinguished from all its 

 allies by the possession of larger, closely connected, radial shields, 

 and by the bilateral groove on its oral shields ; belonging to the 

 Ophiolepida3, it is intermediate in character between Ojjhioglypha and 

 OpMopus. Hemiglypha has many points of resemblance to the Aste- 

 rida, and appears to occupy a similar position among the Ophiurida to 

 that held by Brisinga among the Asterida. 



It may be interesting to observe that Pohlig agrees with Haeckel 

 in regarding the Asterida as the older forms. 



Ccelenterata. 



Classification and Phylogeny of Actinozoa.f — Dr. W. Haacke, of 

 Jena, gives a supplement to his paper in the current volume of the 

 ' Jenaische Zeitschrift,' in which he proposes the following classifica- 

 tion of Actinozoa : — 



A. DiASEPTIGERA 



B. ZvfGOSErTIGEKA 



I. Comllarcha 



II. Octocomlla 



[II. Ildcrocoralla 



IV. Tctracoralla 



V. Ilcxacoralla 



1. Protocorallida. 



2. Tetraseptuta. 



3. Alcyouida. 



4. Tubulosa. 



5. Gorgonida. 



6. Penuatulida. 



7. Cercantliida. 



8. Tetractinida. 



9. Kugosa. 



10. Actinida. 



11. Antipathaiia. 



12. Tabulata. 



13. Perforata. 



14. Aporosa. 



* ' Zeitscbr. wiss. Zool.,' xxxi. (1878) p. 235. 

 t 'Zool. Anzcigci,' ii. (1879) p. 261. 



