INVERTEBRATA, CRYPTOGAMIA, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 715 



3. 27°-29° : Keflex action disappears, altliougli the muscles and 

 nerves still react on electrical excitation. 



4. 32'^-34° : Motor nerves become inactive. 



5. 33°-36°: Muscular tissue ceases to display its properties. 



6. 37° : Muscular tissue altogether dead, in a state of contraction. 

 Temperatures higher than 32^ were found to be mortal. The 



nerves which govern the respiratory movements lose their powers when 

 subjected to a heat of from 28° to 30°. 



Blood of the Lobster.*— Dr. Leon Fredericq agrees with MM. 

 Jolyet and Eegnard in finding two colouring matters in the plasma 

 of the lobster's blood ; one, of a rosy hue, is with difficulty dif- 

 fusible, and is not coagulated by boiling or by alcohol, nor does it 

 contain any metallic salt. It does not change colour in vacuo, or under 

 the action of oxygen, nor is it invariably present. The other appears 

 to be identical with the blue colouring matter hfEmocyanin,| which 

 the author has already found in the Odojms. The blood of the lobster, 

 when these two constituents are present, is rosy on reduction, while 

 when exposed to oxygen it is blue by reflected, and brown by trans- 

 mitted light ; it coagulates rapidly after removal from the body. The 

 colour of the blood of Limulus, as lately described by Professor Ray 

 Lankester, seems to Dr. Fredericq to point to the presence therein of 

 hajmocyanin, which has been distinctly found in some Gasteropods. 



Observations on the Aniphipoda,.|— Professor Wrzesniowski de- 

 scribes four new species of the genus Hyale from Peru, and points out 

 that the genus may be divided into two subgenera, AllorcJtestes, in 

 which the telson is simple and has a complete margin ; and Hyale 

 proper, in which the margin of the telson is more or less cleft. 



Contributions to the Natural History of the Caprellid8e§ — Herr 

 Gamroth deals with this " cosmopolitan " group of the Amijhipoda ; 

 the specimens for his examination were obtained at Trieste, where he 

 found them seeking quiet in the branches of a bryozoon {Bugula 

 neritina) to which they adhere by their hinder thoracic aj)pendages. 



That which has been least studied is the internal organization. 



Their muscular system is exceedingly well-developed, and consists 

 of longitudinal muscles, which efi"ect the movements of the body and 

 of the well-developed antennfe, and of transverse muscles which move 

 the appendages and the digestive apparatus in its more anterior region. 

 As in all allied forms the muscles are transversely striated. 



The nervous system consists of a cerebral ganglion and a ventral 

 chain connected with it by two commissures ; the lower part of the 

 former is continued into four conical processes, each of which gives off 

 a large nerve-trunk; the upper and larger portion is divided into two 

 rounded lobes, which are continued backwards into two broad com- 

 missures ; then succeed five ganglia, of which the first four are 

 similar in form and size ; the last ganglion is larger, and this is 



* ' Bull. Acad. Eoy. Sci. Belg.,' xlvii. (1879) p. 409. 



+ This Journal, ii. p. 16-4. 



X 'Zool. Auzeiger,' ii. (1879) pp. 175 and 199. 



§ 'Zeitsclir. wiss. Z<jul.,' xxxi. (1878) p. 101. 



