IN\'ERTEBBATA, CRYPTOGAMIA, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 739 



skeleton of the arms. Dr. Ludwig now insists on the view which 

 he has lately put out,* that the oral shields do not belong to the 

 series of parts which make up the skeleton of the arms, but to the 

 interambulacral series. Evidence as to the correctness of this view is, 

 in Ludwig's opinion, to be found in Pohlig's own paper ; thus, what 

 Pohlig calls oral shields in Hemigli/pha, are really lateral shields, as 

 is shown by the statement that they resemble the lateral shields, that 

 the oral " lateral shields " are indistinct (this, of coui'se, is due to 

 the true oral " lateral shields " being regarded as proper oral shields, 

 while other small plates which are mentioned in the description are 

 seen to be the true oral shields). A somewhat similar criticism is 

 brought to bear on the description of the characters of ArnijJiiglypha. 



Comatulae of the 'Challenger' Expedition.! — Mr. P. Herbert 

 Carpenter, M.A. has made a preliminary report on the collection of 

 Comatnloi made by the staff of the ' Challenger,' which includes specimens 

 from 45 different localities, but few of which are deep-water stations. 



Comatulce were only obtained seven times from depths exceeding 

 1000 fathoms. At lesser depths, 200-1000 fathoms, they were met 

 with at 13 stations ; but by far the greatest number both of species 

 and of individuals were dredged at depths much less than 200 fathoms, 

 and often less than 20 fathoms, at 26 widely distant stations. 



The collection contains 111 species, mostly new; but as the work 

 of examination and description progresses, it is not unlikely that forms 

 now considered different, may turn out to be merely local varieties of 

 one and the same species, so that the number given above may bo 

 subject to alteration. 



Of these 111 species, 59 belong to the genus Antedon, 48 to Actl- 

 nometra, 1 to Ophiocrinus, and 3, which are peculiar in having ten 

 rays to the calyx instead of only five, to a new genus for which is pro- 

 posed the name Promacliocrinus {-po^axos, " challenger "). 



The distribution of Promachocrimis is as follows : — 



F. Kerguclcnsis (20 arms). Balfour Bay, Kerguclen, 20-60 fathoms. 



Royal Sound, „ 28 „ 



Cape Maclear, „ 30 „ 



Heard Island . . . . 75 „ 



P. a6(/ssorMm (10 arms). Station 147 1,600 „ 



„ 158 1,800 „ 



P. iW<3s« (10 arms). „ 214 500 



Ophiocrinus was obtained at four localities at depths varying from 

 565 to 1070 fathoms, two in the South Pacific off South Australia and 

 New Zealand respectively, and two in the North Pacific, one off Japan, 

 and one just north of the Philippine Islands. All the specimens 

 belong to one species, which is by no means so slender and graceful 

 as Semper's Philippine species from shallower water, but has a much 

 more massive arm skeleton. 



The comparative distribution of the other Comatulce is very 

 striking. Eelatively speaking, Adinometra is extremely limited in 



* This Joiu-nal, ii. p. 580. 



t ' Proc. Koy. Soc.,' xxviii. (1879) p. .383 ; ' Nature,' xis. (1879) p. 450. 



