514 HEMOLYTIC SENSITIZER AND RED BLOOD CELLS 



from a number of investigations. Von Liebermann^^ found that small 

 amounts of alkali inhibit the action of hemolytic sera, while acid in 

 small amount increases this action and in larger amount inhibits it. 

 Hecker/^ Sachs and Altmann/^ and von Eisler^^ have confirmed this 

 effect of alkali. Rondoni^^ has carried the analysis of this phenom- 

 enon farther and has shown the action of alkali in inhibiting the 

 union of hemolytic sensitizer and red cells, and a similar but less 

 marked effect of acid, which did not depend apparently upon destruc- 

 tion of the immune substance but rather upon a reversible modifi- 

 cation of it. 



The influence of reaction has been shown likewise on the dissociation 

 or splitting off of antibody from combination with its antigen. Hahn 

 and Trommsdorf^^ were able to separate agglutinin from sensitized 

 bacteria by digestion with n/100 NaOH and almost as well with n/100 

 H2SO4, while physiological saline solution was found ineffective. 

 Von Liebermann and von Fenyvessy^^ effected the separation of 

 hemolytic sensitizer from sensitized cells by dilute H2SO4. Rondoni^^ 

 found that digestion of sensitized cells with alkali or acid yielded a 

 larger amount of free sensitizer than did a like volume of physiological 

 saline solution. The separation in alkali was more complete than 

 in acid; in several experiments with alkali approximately 60 per cent 

 of the total sensitizer in combination was obtained free. 



The presence of electrolytes appears also to be concerned in this 

 combination. Although Ferrata^^ and Sachs and Teruuchi-° have 

 shown that sensitizer and cells will combine in a salt-free medium, 

 von Eisler^^ found that the combination is less rapid and complete 

 in salt-free than in salt-containing media. Kosakai^- has found 



13 Hecker, R., Arb. Inst. Exp. Therap. Frankfort, 1907, iu, 39. 



14 Sachs, H., and Altmann, K., Berl. klin. Woch., 1908, xlv, 699. 



15 von Eisler, M., Centr. Bakt., lie AM., Orig., 1908, x]vi, 353. 

 1® Rondoni, P., Z. Immunitdtsforsch., Orig., 1910, vii, 515. 



17 Hahn, M., and Trommsdorf, R., Munch, med. Woch., 1900, xlvii, 413. 

 i^von Liebermann, L., and von Fenyvessy, B., Centr. Bakt., Ite Abt., Orig., 

 1908, xlvii, 274. 



1^ Ferrata, A., Berl. klin. Woch., 1907, xliv, 366. 



20 Sachs, H., and Teruuchi, Y., Berl. klin. Woch., 1907, xliv, 467, 520, 602. 



21 von Eisler, M., Z. Immunitdtsforsch., Orig., 1909, ii, 159. 



22 Kosakai, M., /. Immunol., 1918, iii, 109. 



