74 



JOUfiNAIi OF HORTICOLTUEE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ Jnnucry 28, 16f9. 



Sands; F. Wilson, Kendal; C. Uomlrav. c, Lady A. Kcnlis, Underley 

 HaU ; G. Carter, Bedale. 



Selling Class. — 1, P. Unsworth (Silver-spangleil Polnnds). 2, T. 

 Hutchinson, Kendal (Goldon-spau^'led Hamburghs). 3. W. R. Park 

 (Creve-CtEur). he, R. Sinkinsnn, Kendal ; T. Mason ; P. Unsworth ; Rev. 

 G. Hustler, Stillinyfleet Vicarage, York ; J. Cope, bnrnsley. c, Miss Mal- 

 colm; Mrs. Tiylor, Kendal; J. Geldord, Kendal; D. Eroughton ; J. 

 Stephens. 



Single Cocks,— Game. — 1 and Cup, C. W. Brierley. 2, W. Boyes. 

 3, J. Beetham. 4, J. Bowness. he, J. Ban-ow, jun, ; R. Payne. Cockerel — 



1, T. Mason. 2, W. Boyes. 3, F. Sales, Crowle. 4. .J. Mashiter. he, J. 

 Hodgson, Whittington ; J. Turner, Radcliffe. Game Bantam.— 1 and 

 Cup, J. R. Robinson. 2, W. & H. Buckley, Accringlon. 8, J. Gelderd, 

 Collin Croft, Kendal. 4, G. Maples, jun., Wavertrec. c. It. Youll, Sun- 

 derland ; J. Crosland, jun., Wakefield ; J. Eauthmell, Farleton, Burton. 



GiME (Elack-brea-.ted and other Reds).— l.Vy'.S H. Buckler, AccringtoD. 



2 and 8, J. Crosland, jun. 4, J. Parlett, Huntingdon, e, W. Dale, Weston- 

 super-Mare. 



Gajte Bant.ajis (And other Tariety).— Cup, J. Cro5sland, jnn. 2, T. 

 Sharpies, Rawtenstall. B, Ormrod & Bellingham, Euruley. 4, W. Redhead, 

 Kendal. 



Bantams (Any otlier Taricty, except G.irae). — 1, S. H. Stott, Rochdale. 



2, J. & R. Ashton. a, T. C. Harrison. 4, W. Hodgson, Darlington, he, H. 

 Pickles, JUQ ; W. R. Pnrk (Japanese) ; W. J. Cope, c, Tonkin & Tackcy, 

 Bristol; J. R. Jessop, Hull ; T. Burgess, Brighouse. 



Ducks (Aylesbury).— Cup, D. Hardie, Sorbie. 2, T. Soord, Sunderland. 



3 and 4, C. Roper, Kirkbv Lonsdale. 



Ducks (Rouen).— 1, b. Haidie. 2, R. RawUnson. Kendal. S, R. A. 

 Willison, Underbarrow. 4, S. H. Stott. he, W. Taylor, Kendal ; J. Hodgson ; 

 W. Willison, Kendal, c, A. Su;ut, Staveley. 



Docks (Any other varifty).-!, T. C. Hanison (Mandarins). 2, A. & J. 

 Trickett, Waterfoot (Bahama). 8, S. & R. Ashton (Carolinas). 4, S. Bum, 

 Whitby (Black), he, S. Burn (Mandarins) ; C. Hom(r.iy (Mandarins). 

 LOCAL CLASSES. 



GAlie.—Chiekem.—l, Graham & Robinson. 2, J. Gelderd. 3, G. Hall, 

 Kendal. 4, J. Birrow, jun. Pullet.— Silver Plate, E. Wells, Kendal. 2, D. 

 Harrison, Kendal. 3, J. Barrow, jun. /ttr, Graham & Robinson ; J. Barrow, 

 jtm ; J. Gelderd. 



HAMEtiRGus (Any vsriety).— C.'irc/,riis.— 1 and 2, — Moore. S and 4, T. 

 Suart, Stavolcv. 



Spanish iBl'ackl.-Cfticfccna.— Silver Plate and ,•!, J, Goth, Woodside. 



2, J. P. Han ison, Kendal, c, Graham & Robinson, Kendal ; G. C. Wilson, 

 Dallam Tower, Kendal. 



Dorkings (Any variety).— C/u'clciis.-l, E. Armitage. 2, R. D. Holt. 



3, T. Ulloek, Windermere, he, Mrs. E. Wilson. 



B.ANTAMs (Any variety).— C/itelciw.-Silver Plate, R. Medcalf. Kendal. 

 2, W. Caton, Kirkbv Lonsdale. 3, G. Heywood, Kendal, /ic, W. Redhead. 

 c, J. Wmskill, Cowan Head ; G. Hull, Kendal. 



Ducks (Any variety).— Silver Plate and 4, J. J. Woller, Kendal. 2, B. 

 Shepherd, Kirkby Lonsdale. 3, T. Taylor, Kendal, he, C. Garnett, Kendal. 



Any other VAKiETY.-C/iictcn-j.— Silver Plato, G. Hall, Kendal. 2, A. 

 Fulton, Sedgwick. S, J. .1. Waller, Kendal. 



E.^;TnA Stock.— c, W. Vi'. Rullidgc. Kendal ; J. J. Waller, Kendal. 



Mr. Eilward Hewitt, of Sparlbiook, Birmingham, and Wr. E. 

 Teebay, of Fulwood, Preston, were the Judges. 



antv;erp pigeons. 



How eatiefactory it ia to have a name at tbe conclusion of 

 our letters ; we know wlio writes, and whom we address. Surely 

 our " fancies," those advocated in " our Journal," are of such 

 a nature — so worthy of pursuit and of bo good a tendency — that 

 writers need not feel ashamed to append their names to their 

 notes. It is pleasant to know those — at all events, the names 

 of those — joined to ns by that mystic cord which runs from 

 heart to heart of every real lover of Nature whichever depart- 

 ment he may particularly enjoy, or whatever station in life he 

 may occupy. Can "An Ajiateur" be a lady? the thought 

 has just flashed through my mind. In case my question be 

 answered in the affirmative, I shall insist no further, and say 

 no more of " mystic cords." 



But what of Antwerps ? I fear " AMiTErn " has mistaken 

 "Wiltshire Rector's" remark on this bird in his report of 

 the Glasgow Show. There appears to me no " complaint," but 

 a mere remark that there was " no prize for Antwerps;" and if 

 I recollect rightly, the same writer in a former paper distinctly 

 said Antwerps were possessed of " no points ;" and I quite 

 agree with him. We Scotch fanciers may, perhaps, be a little 

 slow in our progress, but certainly we will not admit that we 

 know nothing of the breed of Antwerps. Unfortunately for 

 that bird (and it may also be said, for those who fancy il), we 

 as a body know it to be only cross-bred, and having an in- 

 stinctive dislike to anything lacking the " genuine ring," we 

 cannot accept the Antwerp as a fancy bird worthy of cultiva- 

 tion. I have now several of this class of birds direct from head- 

 quarters, and have kept them for years ; they make excellent 

 nurses for Pouters and Carriers, and give a Ufe to the place 

 where they fly, but except in plumage I see nothing in them. 

 Those who can see the features of the Pigeon — yes, the features, 

 as the eastern shepherds see tbe features of their sheep — will 

 agree with me that the Antwerp is crossed from so many breeds 

 that the origin of one bird may be widely different from that of 

 another : therefore there can be no points on which to hang 

 judgment. Tbe fanciers in Scotland who fly Pigeons, breed 



Tumblers only, and these are second to none. I fear the 

 Antwerp is not hkely to make headway in this country. But do 

 not let it be supposed I despise this bird, or the fancy for it. 

 I like the bird, and like to see it; tbe texture of the plumage 

 is very tine, and the power of wing displayed during its long 

 and protracted flights is to me very interesting. — James Huie. 



DOE KABBIT DEVOURING HER YOUNG. 



Does your correspondent, who oomplainB of his doe eating 

 her young, keep her plentifully supplied with water or milk 

 before and after kindling? I have known cases where does 

 have given up this habit on being supplied with clean and 

 fresh water, and never been addicted ta it afterwards. — L. B. 



THE SCOTCH FANCY CANARY. 



Mb. Barnesby says : — " Scotch fancy bird, or Don, the bird of 

 Scotland, and exhibited in many shows in the north of England. 

 Under these circumstances I certainly do not agree with the 

 remarks of Mr. Howarlh Ashton, that the Scotch Don h a 

 mongrel." Under what circumstances ? The fact of this bird 

 being a favourite in Scotland, and shown at many exhibitions 

 in the north of England, does not disprove the fact that it is a 

 mongrel. It is a mongrel, and any large Scotch fancy breeder 

 will tell you that he crosses it very often with the Belgian to 

 obtain size. Norwich, Lizards, and London Fancies are pure- 

 bred birds. I willingly admit that the Scotch fancy is a great 

 favourite in Scotland, and hope it may be long so there; and 

 when I said the Don was a mongrel, I, of course, meant it was 

 a cross-bred bird, and so it is. — Howakth Ashton. 



FOUL BROOD. 



OPINIONS AS TO ITS ORIGIN. 



In July, 18(j3, Mr. Woodbury, in an article entitled " A Dwind- 

 ling Apiary," detailed in the pages of this Journal his first ex- 

 periences of foul brood. This was followed by two others on 

 the same subject. Ou the ith and 18th of August were iuserted 

 articles from myself, in which I endeavoured to show how foul 

 brood, according to my experience, might be originated ; and 

 in applying the results of ihat expeiience to Mr. Woodbury's 

 case and practice as an experimental apiarian, I believed and 

 concluded that the evils of which he complained were brought 

 about by certain doings and manipulations in conueclion there- 

 with. Hence arose the lung and keen controversy which fol- 

 lowed betwixt Mr. Woodbury and myself, which drew forth the 

 views and elicited the opinions of not a few of the apiarian 

 contributors to this Journal ; but notwithstanding my utmost 

 efforts both by argument and evidence I failed, I confess, to 

 convince my opponents of the soundness of my principles, and, 

 when the controversy closed, I was contented to retire with the 

 consolation only of this mixim, " Maijna est Veritas ct pree- 

 lahhit." 



But what were the views I then entertained? I held that in 

 all artiflcialising and experimental processes there is the 

 utmost danger to be apprehended unless we carry them out in 

 strict accordance with the natural instincts and habits of the 

 bee; so that in driving or transferring bees, making artificial 

 swarms, transposing or shifting hives, bees, or combs, we mast 

 take care that ihe brood in all stages may not through too long 

 exposure be chilled and die, or, by reason of an inadequate 

 number of bees, may nut be allowed to perish by neglect and 

 want of the necessary warmth. I believe if this did occur — if 

 decayed and abortive brood once found a place in any hive — if 

 the numerous larva; and chrysalids became corrupted in their 

 cells, the bees not seeking to remove them if they could, then is 

 laid the foundation of future evils which it is scarcely possible to 

 over-estimate. To such and similar causes I attributed foul 

 brood. I believed it originated by the young larva; and other 

 embryos bting in the first instance exposed to chill and neglect, 

 or other adverse extraneous influences, whereby they become 

 abortive and die, and ultimately through the operation of 

 natural laws decay and degenerate into putrescent matter called 

 foul brood. 



Such were my views in 18C3-64, and although I have not 

 i-ince further obtruded my opinions upon this subject, I have 

 not been an inattentive reader of the copious mass of foul- 

 brood literature, foreign and domestic, which has from time to 

 time appeared in these pages ; and in again taking up my pen 

 after an interval of five years, it may not be unreasonable to 

 ask the indulgence of the Editors while I trespass a little upon 



