92 



JOUENAL OP HOETICULTUBE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



( February 4, 1869. 



Docks (Coloured).— 1, R. P. WUliams (Rouen). 2, Mrs. E. Smith. 

 Commended, J. C. Cooper (Ronen). 



PIGEONS. 



PooTEBS (Black or Blae Pied).— 1 and. 2 J. H. Perrott, Cori. 



Pouters (Red, Yellow, or Mealy, PiedJ.—l and 2 J H. Perrott. c, J. 

 Lloyd, Cork. 



PooTEKs (Any other colour) 1 and 2, H. Perrot (WMte). e, J. 



JefferieB (White). 



CiBRiKRS (Black).—!, J. Jefferies. 2, G. A. Wherland. BlacUrock, Cork. 



CRRRIEE9 (Any other colour .—1, J. Jefferies (Duns). 2, G. A. Whorland 

 (Duns). 



Tdhblers (AJmond).— 1. J. Perrott. 2, J. Jefferies. 



Tdmblees (Any other Short-faced).— 1, H. L. Tivy (Kites). 2, L. P. 

 Ryder, Cork (Reds). 



BiBBs (Black).— 1, .T. H. Perrott. 2, J. DowlinR, jun., Blactoock, Cork 

 Jic. e. A. Wherland ; J. a. Perrott. c, G. A. Wherland. 



BiEBS (Any other colour).- 1 and he. G. A. Wherland (Yellow). 2, J. 

 H. Perrott Yellow). ,-, 'JliBH Perry (Yellow); J. H. Perrott (Red). 



Jacobins (Red or Yellow).—!. L. P. Ryder (Yellow). 2, J. Parry. 

 ft6*, J. H. Perrott (Red) ; c. Masters BiennerhasKetl, Rockfield, Kilpeacon 



Jacobins (Any other colour).— 1, T. O'Grady (While). 2, J. H. Perrott 

 (Black). 



■ FANTAns (White).— 1, Masters Blennerhassott. 2, J. Pike, Besborough. 

 c, J. Jefferies. 



Fahiails (Any other colour).-!, Masters Blennerhassctt (Blue), c, J. 

 Pike (Blue), c, Masters Blenncrhassett (Blacks) ; J. Pike (Blue). 



Tedmpetbrh (Mottled).—! and 2, J. H. Perrott. 



Tkompeiem (Any other colour).-!. Masters Blennerhassett. 2, J. 

 Pike (White), c, J. H. Perrott (Black). 



Owls.— 1, J. H. Perrott (White). 2, H. L. Tivy (Blue), he, h. P. Ryder, 

 (Blue) c;Z,. V. Ryder (Blue); J. Pike (Blacki ; J. H. Perrott (Blue). 



TtiEB;iT3.— 1, J. Dowlinc jun. (Bine). 2, h. P. Ryder (Blue Point- 

 beaded). «, H.J,. Tivy, (Bod shell-crowned); J. Dowling, jun. (Blue and 

 Yellow). 



^tiNS.- p. Masters Blennerhassett. 



Magpteb.— 1 aj^i 2, Masters Blennerhassett (Yellow and Blue). 



ToMBLKRS (Common).—!, J. Perry (Boldpates). 2, J. H. Perrott. 



Any other Vabjetv.— 1, J. Lloyd (Silver Runts) ; 2, Masters Blenner- 

 hassett (Blue BrnnswjckB). 



Special Prizo presented l)y J. B. B lennerhaseett, Esq., for the best pair 

 of Carriers.~-G, A, Whorland. 



Silver Medal, presented by the Secretary of the North British Col um'- 

 barian Society, for the most perfect Pied Poiltor in coloOT and mark- 

 top; not less meftStiremerit than IfiA inches iA' feaiher, And'6it inches in 

 limb.— J. H. Perratt. rfcj, H. L. Tivy (Yellow). ; .' " >, 



> • SOKG BIRDS. ui.Ky;-; .:j; :.:n: ,:-. 



' CASAHrBa'(T«U«w,;with Crest).— 1, Hon. U.iBii Soohs.- 2,!Hi'Bi Bond, 

 Cork. ■ , < ,■ vr - 



Canaries fTellow, without Crest).—! and 2, P. Hodder^ Blackfock. 



Canaries (Ajiy other colour).- 1, A. 'Veitch, Cork. 2. T. Babington, 

 Cork. 



■ Goldfinch MiTi.Bii.—l and 2, F. Hodder. c. W. P, Harris, Blackrock, 

 Cork; W.B.D'Conncll, Cork. , 



Linnet Moi.Rs.—l, F. llodder. 2.'W. E. O'Hea. ' '•' ' -■■ 



Goldfinches.—!, P. Hodder. 2 and c, P. Keating, Cork. 

 , BULLFtNCHBH.^-L. MrH. Perry. 2, F. Hodder. 



Skylarks.- 1 and 2, J. Lennie, Cork, he, E. Barrett, Cork 



Linnets.—!, P. Keating. 2, J. Dowling. jun. 



Thrushes.- 1, J. Jefferies. 2, J. Kennealy, Cork 



' JxsTia^i.-^ Pmiltnj arul Piijeo-ns: P. H. Jones, Esq.. Falham, 

 London ; /SjrtJ/£iWjf: 'A. Parker, Ksq., Cork. 



As the Antwerp Pigeon is fast growing into favour among 

 those who admire the various varieties of this beautiful bird, a 

 short notice of it may not be uninteresting. 

 ■ The Antwerp is a prolific breeder and tender nurse, and has 

 that most fascinating of all properties in the Pigeon tribe, love 

 of home, developed to a most extraordinary degree. I have 

 known a pair of old birds, although treated with great eare, and 

 bred from for two seasons in succession at the place to which 

 they were sent, return to their old home, a distance of some 

 miles, the first time they were allowed to get on the wing ; 

 indeed, a well-bred bird of this kind never seems to settle away 

 from the loft in which it is reared. 



The Antwerps are eMellent flyers, if exercised regularly once 

 a-day, going up in the air as high as Tumblers; but instead of 

 continuing to circle round home they will range off for an hour 

 or more, when they may be seen returning like specks in the 

 clouds, and at once make their pitch upon the building to which 

 they belong. They are very hardy, and in my opinion as hand- 

 some as any of the Pigeon tribe. Nothing can be prettier 

 than a pen of carefuUy-bred and evenly-coloured birds of this 

 class. 



Their points are as clearly defined as those of any other 

 variety, and I oat^lot understand why there should not be a 

 C'asB for them at every show. The pure Antwerp should be 

 compact, hard-feathered, and of medium size ; colour blue, 

 blue cheq uer, dun, or dun chequer ; but after breeding them 

 for many years I prefer the blue to any other colour, both for 

 beauty and for stoutness. The head should be neatly formed, 

 full, and well topped ; the ey« bright and clear colour imma- 



terial), slightly warted ; the beak short, strong, broad at the 

 base, with neatly set-on wattle ; the breast and shoulders wide 

 in proportion to the rest of the body ; the flight feathers long, 

 reaching to the end of the tail, which should be narrow and 

 compact ; and altogether the bird should have the appearance 

 of being possessed of great powers of flight. — B. F. C. 



MANAGEMENT OF SUPERS. 

 In page 4.S4 of your last volume a correspondent asked Why 

 his bees would not take to supers — I forget the exact terms of 

 his question — and whether his hives were full enough to war- 

 rant supers at all. You cannot always make bees do what yon 

 wish. Perhaps they knew (they always seem to do so), that it 

 would be a dry summer, and so not an over-abundant one. 

 To attract them into supers, if bars or frames are used, one 

 comb with brood and the bees on it is pretty sure to bring 

 them up, as they like to store honey near brood. The brood- 

 comb may be afterwards removed. They may bring pollen too. 

 In a glass this plan, of course, fails, and the best thing is a 

 long bit of comb hanging down to the communication. This, 

 of conrse, is not so safe as the other. — H. B. 



FOUL BROOD. 



OPINIONS AS TO ITS ORIGIN. 



^t^ vai HI i):Tfc . 



{Continued from page la.) 



"A BEnraEWSHiBE Bee-eeepek," the great advocate in these 

 pages of the non-swarming or combination of-swarms system, 

 and whose glowing description of the mighty results attained 

 thereby by our little favourites in the shape of monster honey- 

 supers, so delights all of us, though in the case of many, I fear, 

 whose camps are pitched in a comparatively desert land to the 

 " Canaan " ia which he dwells, such results are totally beyond 

 their reach — "A Renfrewshire Bee-keeper," when reviewing, 

 the subject of foul brood in February, 1867, and wfith re- 

 ference to the opinions entertained by me, says, " My ex- 

 perience forces on me the conviction, that overheating rather 

 than any amount of experimenting and chill induces this most 

 mysterious malady," and mentions a case which occurred in 

 Tiis own apiary in confirmation of this opinion. In narrating 

 the story of his "honey-judge" visitor, which seems to have 

 led to the formation of the "overheating" theory, he pre- 

 supposes the astonishment which I should feel on this theory 

 being announced. Now, it so happens that I hail this theory 

 as one virtually quite in accordance with my own. Extremes, 

 it is said, do often meet. So here, diverse anterior causes may- 

 produce results quite uniform and identical. Supposing " A 

 Renfrewshire Bee-keeper" to accompany me through some 

 lone mountain pass. We there discover the remains of what 

 was once a hving organism. No one can tell the cause of death, 

 but already we see, through the operation of natural laws, 

 symptoms of decay and corruption. Already the mouldering 

 carcase has become the food of those occult orders of existences 

 which live and revel on death, and the whole atmosphere around 

 is tainted and vitiated by the putrescent miasma. What 

 matters it whether that once-living form was deprived of life 

 by frost or fire, by cold or heat — whether by an electric flash of 

 heaven's hot artillery, or by an agency of an opposite character, 

 are not the results the same, with all the attendant evils we 

 now witness ? So with the chilled or overheated dead larvas 

 in the hives, are not the ultimate characteristics the same ? 

 And what may be predicated of the one, may we not also pre- 

 dicate of the other? 



Then, lastly, we have the fungoid theory of Dr. Prenss, of 

 Dirschau, contained in a very interesting paper translated 

 from the German " Bee Journal," and inserted in this Journal 

 in October last by Mr. Woodbury, to whom we must again 

 express our obligations. By submitting a particle of the foul- 

 brood matter under a microscope having a magnifying power 

 of (JOO diameters. Dr. Preuss was enabled to disover " a thou- 

 sand dust-like shaped bodies, which ore known to the mi- 

 croscopist as fungi, which belong to the species Cryptococcus 

 (Kutzing). He says this fungus is closely allied to the fer- 

 mentive fungus, and that fungi, especially the microscopic 

 kinds, " change and transform one into the other, according 

 to the different substances upon which they alight." Hence 

 he believes that the fermentive fungus which is very much 

 diffused throughout nature, " may, when it comes in contact 

 ' with, or when as food it enters the body of the bee larva, 



