April -i^ 1S69. 1 



JOUUVAL OP UORTtOUfiTURB AND OOTTA'»B f*AHDBNBB. 



211 



that nothing more is nredcd till the end of August, when all 

 those stopped shoots must he pninad off at two oyos—tliut in, 

 the shoots must be cut off below tho leaf to which tbo>-„wero 

 first pinehcd. 'I'ho new lender sliould now have its pnint pinched 

 off, unless it bo a potted tree, when nil i'oar of uuri|)0 growth is 

 removed by the liftins of the pot nt the piling (ie:isoQ. 



In tho following; nprins; the younc; tree requires its new leader 

 to be hcnl just as tho origin:il ono was, only to the opposite siJo, 

 and at the lirst eye, b {fig. 18), above tlio bond, malting tho angle 



ua before 40', or so, with the horiaon, thus formini; braneh 2. 

 Tho original loader may now bo depressed a litllo more; but it 

 is always well to allow tlicsi! first two liranches to establisli them- 

 selves thoroughly before the upper part of tho tree is formed, 

 and, therefore do not bond them down too mueU at first. Tho 

 oliier branches, as they aro projuecd, may be bent down more 

 and more at on' e, as they a-c higher up the tree, but the points 

 of all of them should bo all>\ved to grow freely by eurviiij; tlu'm 

 upwards. >rft<.l.,-i,i 



Fig. 13.— Palmottp alter two years. 



Tho shoot from bud h is now made tho vortical loader, and in 

 turn will be bent to form branch ." {fiff. 19). The treatment for 

 forming is ju?t an annual repetition of the process. In this way 

 a most ref ular palmette with horizontal branches can bo formed 

 at the rate of one branch a-year, the stem, instead of going 

 straight upright, being waved. The usual way of fomiing such 



trees is to out down tho leader to three eyes, two right and left 

 'to form branches, and tho uppermost to form a new loader. In 

 this way two branches aro form ;d in ono year ; hut I find tho 

 surface eoverei by tho bonding-down plan is greater than that 

 got by successive mutilations, i>v tho branchos aie far bettor 

 developed when each has been grown upright in its youth ; 



Fig. 10.— Rectangnlar Falmette alter five years* training 



besides, the waved form of tho stem enables the sap to flow more 

 freely to the lowest branches, exercising a wholesome restraint 

 on its upward tendency. 



A. modification of tfds form is to bond tao second loader, 2 

 (Jig. 18), close to a instead of above b, and to bend 1 at a bud c, 

 about a foot from a, this bud not bavin? been stopped if it 

 pushed during tho summer; the portion of 1 between a and c 

 being left at its old inclination, and the rest of it bent lower, so 

 as to obtain a fork at c during the ensuing summer. The next 

 year 2 is treated similarlj', and thus the foundation is laid for a 

 diverging fan, the only objection to the plan being tho uusight- 



liness of the want of symmetry for the first three or four years. I_ 

 may add that the plan is a most useful one for correcting the bad 

 training of wall trees. I saw a very fine wall a few weeks ago 

 covered with nearly useless trees, and found that by judiciously 

 tliinning-out the old branches and bending the rest 1 could cover 

 the wall again in a eouph; of years with regular forms, in sueh 

 style as to secure plenty of fruit. I have been, porhaps, tedious 

 in describing this form, but as it involves nearly every principle, 

 it is weU to understand it, and then all the rest will bo easy work. 



— W. KlNCSLEY. 



I To bo continued.) 



KITCHEN GABDEN. 



CoNTiKCE the trenching of ground as it becomes vacant, and 

 bury in the trenches all refuse vegetable matter — a practice 

 which cannot be too much insisted upon ; it is better to do so 



WORK FOR THE -VYEEK. 



at once than to lay it in heaps in the rubbish ground, where it 

 loses its fertilising properties. ISroccoU, sow Walcheren now, 

 and the operation shoiild be repeated at the end of June and 

 the end of .July. 'J'be heads of this kind are large, firm, and 



