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JOURNAL OP HORTICCLTUBE AND COTTAGE GABDKNEB. 



[ October 29, 1868. 



guilty of, must arise from my own stupidity, and not because 

 the sources of information have been unviMted, or those who 

 were able to give it churlish in so doing. 



I have felt it necessary to make these few preliminary re- 

 marks as due to the readers of The Journai. op Horticultdbe 

 and myself. There are some other preliminary observations 

 ■which 1 must make as bearing generally on the subject of 

 market gardening in England and France, but I would rather 

 reserve them for my next paper, and I shall be then more 

 ready to enter into the details of the various " cultures " on 

 which I wish to report. — D., Deal. 



A SELECTION OF ROSES. 



As the catalogues of Boses are generally long and bewildering, 

 and as the new Roses sent out annually are to ft great extent 

 worthless, it may be of service to persons unacquainted with 

 Boees to give a selection of the best, and of such as are good 

 growers, of hardy constitution, and free and constant bloomers. 

 I am now about to speak of Roses on the Manetti stock, unless 

 otherwise specified. 



Hybbld PEaPETUALS.— For beginners — Achille Gonod, Alfred 

 Colomb, Anna Alexicff, Antoine Ducher, Baron Adolphe de 

 Eothschild, Baronne Prevost, Caroline de Sansal, Charles Le- 

 febvre, Comte de Nanteuil, Due de Cazea, Exposition de Brie, 

 John Hopper, Jules Margottin, La Ville de St. Danis, Lord 

 Clyde, Madame Alfred do Eougemont, Baronne de Maynard, 

 Madame (J. Crapelet, Madame Clemence Joigneaux, Mareobal 

 Vftillant, Madame Boutin, Marguerite de St. Amand, Maurice 

 Bernardin, Prince Caraille de Rohan, Secateur Vaisse, Souve- 

 nir de Dr. Jamain, Triomphe de Paris, Victor Verdier, and 

 William Griffiths. 



The preceding are beautiful Boses, and, if beginners cannot 

 cultivate them successfully, the sooner they take to cultivating 

 something else the better. 



For older hands I add Abel Grand, Alpaide de Eotalier, Ba- 

 ronne Pelletan de Kinkelin, Black Prince, Charles Bouillard, 

 Charles Verdier, first-rate, Comtesee de Chabrillant, Dr. Andry, 

 Duchesae de Cajlus, Duchesse d'Orleans, Empereur de Maroc, 

 Engine Verdier, Framjois Lacharme, Gloire de Ducher, Gloire 

 de Vitry (on its own roots), a noble Boso ; Jean Eosenkrautz, 

 John Keynes, Monsieur de Montigny, a noble Rose ; Lady 

 Suffield, La Duchesse de Morny, Leopold Premier, Lord Ma- 

 caulay, Madame Alice Dureau, a beautiful first-class novelty in 

 the St. le of LiElia, Madame RuUand (not the same as Madame 

 Roland), Madame Charles Wood, Madame Emile Boyau, Ma- 

 dame Freeman, Madame Julie Daran, Madame Kuorr, Madame 

 Victor Verdier, first-rate ; Pierre Notting, first-rate ; Prince de 

 Portia, Scoar des Anges, Souvenir de Comte Cavour, superb, 

 but not full ; Souvenir de la Keine d'Angletorre, and Vicomte 

 Vigier. 



I now put down two unsurpassed Roses, but they are delicate, 

 and require genial situations and first-class loam — they are Ma- 

 dame Rivers and Madame Vidot. 



I am very averse to recommending Roses that I have not 

 fully proved, but I fancy we shall eventually find some good 

 Boses among the following: — Paul Verdier, Monsieur Noman, 

 La France, M.irie Cirodde, Prince Humbert, Eeine du Midi, 

 Felix Geuero, Fraoijois Treyve, Marie Baumauu, Mdlle. Jeanne 

 Marix, Madame Martine de Besse, and Merveille d'Anjou. I 

 also fancy these three of this year's novelties — Monplaisir (Tea), 

 and Hybiii Perpetuals Madame Jncquier andThyraHammerick. 



BouHnoN AND China Roses — These are scentless Boses, and 

 I will only put down distinct and essential ones. 



Bourdon — Acidalie, Buronne Gonella, Souvenir de Mal- 

 maison ; an^l for poles. Sir J. Paxtan. 



China. — Mrs. Bosanquet. 



Perpeiuai. Moss. — Madame E. Cry. 



Tea-scented Noisettes, a noble class. — Solfaterre, south 

 wall ; Gloire de Dijon, Celine Forestier, Triomphe de Eeunes, 

 Maruchal Niel, a noble Bose, requires a south wall. For be- 

 yinuers Gloiie de Dijon is best. 



Tea SCENTED Boses. — For beginners Sombreuil.Devoniensis, 

 and Eubt-ns. For others, Adam, Homer, Madame Margottin, 

 Madame WiUermoz, Souvenir d'Elise, first-rate ; Bouton d'Or, 

 first-rate for button-holea, and Souvenir d'un Ami. For glass, 

 Elise Sausage, Madame Bravy, and Vicomtesse de Cazes. 



Tea Boses are in their proper place when under glass. No 

 Roses are superior to them for this purpose. They m.iy be 

 grown under a south wall. They require but little pruning, 

 good drainage, high cultivation, plenty of water, and great heat. 



Hybrid Perpetuals, Tea-scented Noisettes, and Tea-scented 

 Roses are the best three families, and they are rapidly and 

 justly superseding all others. 



We have had a trying season, and it may help purchasers it 

 I give the names of those Roses that have beaten everything 

 here this year. These are : — Charles Lefebvre, Jules Margottin, 

 Duchesse d'Orleans, Stcur des Anges, Baronne Prevost, Mon- 

 sieur de Montigny, Marguerite de St. Amand, Madame Kuorr, 

 Gloire de Vitry, Isabella Gray ; in the open ground, Gloire de 

 Dijon, Celine Forestier, Triomphe de Rennes, Sombreuil, Eliso 

 Sauvage, Devoniensia, Rubens, and Souvenir d'Elise, a most 

 beautiful Rose. Others have done well. On the whole I have 

 had a splendid season. It is almost impossible to conceive or 

 describe the magnificence of the first series of flowers. 



I advise persons about to commence Rose-purchasing to find 

 out what are really good, and accumulate them rather than 

 heaps of Roses erroneously termed varieties. The variety con- 

 sists in the name. Begin with fifty or a hundred each of 

 Charles Lefebvre and Jules Margottin. These are every-day 

 and all-theseason Boses. They alwnys open, and never have 

 a defective bloom. The same may be said of Gloire de Dijon, 

 Culine Forestier, and Triomphe de Bennes. 



I have discarded some Eoses here, but I have filled up their 

 places with well-known good kinds rather than with unproved 

 novelties. The best novelties that I have had of late years 

 are Alfred Colomb, Charles Verdier, Antoine Ducher, and Prince 

 de Portia. 



One more word and I have done. I expect a severe winter. 

 It generally is the case that the winter is cold in proportion as 

 the summer is hot, for the goingout of heat is equal to its 

 going-in. All my Boses are mulched with stable litter or straw ; 

 and by November 8th they will be earthed over the straw or 

 litter, and present the appearance of plants in molehills.— 

 W. F. Bahclvfee. 



FIG TREE CULTURE. 



Tee past summer inEuglandso closely resembled in its liigh 

 temperature the south of Europe, that it was peculiarly favour- 

 able to the development of such a crop of Figs as is very rarely 

 to be seen in our changeable climate. Nor has the abundance 

 of this singular fruit been confined to one or two favoured lo- 

 calities, but wherever the trees escaped injury from the severe 

 frosts which occurred during the winter of 18G6, or rather in 

 the early months of 18C7, fine crops of well-ripened fruit have 

 been produced, and in some gardens having one or two of those 

 enormous old trees which are occasionally to be met with 

 planted in the most sheltered corner, the ripe fruit has been 

 gathered by bushels. In these cases how little has science to 

 do with the matter. I once saw some very fine fan-shaped 

 trees beautifully trained, and most rigorously pruned on the 

 spur system, and I nas curious to know whether trees so treated 

 in the open air would produce fruit in any quantity; but on 

 making inquiry, I was told that but little fruit was ever ripened, 

 certainly nothing ever approaching what might be considered a 

 full crop. Since then I have met with several instances in 

 which close pruning had been practised, and in every case the 

 result was the same — but little, if any, fruit. From my own 

 experience, I should say that moderate pruning, just sufficient to 

 keep the trees within bounds, is by far the best plan, and even 

 this may be effected in a great measure by pinching during the 

 growing season. Trees so treated, and planted in a somewhat 

 poor and shallow soil, will generally produce a fair crop of fruit. 



Perhaps the moat t.intalising thing in connection with Fig 

 culture in the open air, is that second crops are always most 

 abundant and full of promise, but never coming to perfection, 

 or at all events but very rarely. How it makes one long for 

 the sheltering roof of an orchard house! What dishes of the 

 luscious fruit could then be had for the dessert at this dull 

 season of the year, when anything afl'ording variety is so much 

 appreciated ! 



It would be interesting to know how far the second crop has 

 been affected by the heat of the past summer. The only in- 

 stance in which I have heard of the second crop coming to ma- 

 turity, is at Provender, near Faversham, the residence of the 

 Dowager Lady Knatchbull, whence Mr. Maxted, the gardener 

 wrote to me on October Utb, saying, "We have a fine second 

 crop of the little Early White Fig, just fit for table." This is 

 all the more interesting?, as the trets are not en a wall but are 

 bush-shaped, about 10 feet high. They are growing in a waim 

 sheltered position facing the south. I believe I am right in 

 stating that the;e trees are never pruned, but as they have no 



