3B8 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTDEE AND COTTAGE GABDENEB. [ November 19. 18C8. 



clearing the rtoudiI of oven'thing. Ascertain whether water does or 

 docs not exist ii) the suliBoil, and it it does the Rround must be properly 

 drained by tile drainB 21 feet apart, runninp; lengthwise of the garden. 

 Tot cno drain in c.Tch of the borders nnniberod 1 and X, and then divide 

 Uie distance belwoin them, so as to have one in the centre bed. They 

 shonld not be less than 3 feet, nor more than 4 feet deep, and mnst have 

 a proper fall and outlet. The whole of the giound should be trenched 

 not less than 2u ii-ches deep, but better to the depth of 2 feet, even if 

 some of the clay be brouglit to the surface. The surface soil shonld be 

 placed at the bottom, and the bottom brought to the top. If the ground 

 is poor a good dressing of manure may be given, and worked in in the 

 trenching. The gi-onnd will then be fit tor planting. No 1 wall, or the 

 wall of No. 1 border, wo would devote to Poach, Nectarine, Apricot, Plum, 

 and Pear trees, the last on the Quince stock, all for vertical cordons, as 

 you wish forth it mode, though we should prefer them obliijue trained. 

 As they are to be ptanted 2 feet apart, vou will have space for forty-one 

 trees, and all should bo maidens, which you may obtain retail at a mode- 

 rate price. We cannot name anv grower in particular, but the principal 

 DOrserymen advertising in our cohiinns would serve vou well. Of the 

 forty-one trees wo would have eighteen Peach and Nectarine trees— 

 namely, twelve Peaches and six Nectarines. Of Peaches we would have 

 three Early Yoik, three Grosse Mignonne, three Bellegarde, two Barring- 

 ton, one Late Admirable ; 'of Nectarines, two Elruge, two Rivera's Orange, 

 twoViolette Hative; of Apricots wo would have three Hem slierk, three 

 Kaishn, two Beaug.-; Plums, two .July Green Gage, two Kirke's, two 

 Jefferson, two Coe's Golden Drop ; Pears on the Quince stock, one Citron 

 des Carmes, two Marie Louise (should be double workcdl, two Winter 

 Nehs, one I'oreUe, one Glou Morreau. The Pc-ich, Nectarine, and Apricot 

 trees ought to be planted at the end next the llower garden, commencing 

 -with the Apricots, so as to have them together, the more readily to protect 

 the blossom and young fruit. One foot from tho walk on border No. 1, 

 plant Apples on the English Paradise stock at G feet anart for lateral 

 cordons (for kinds see page SIO), and No. 4 border we would plant with 

 Apples for vertical cordons 2 feet apart, and have two rows, one at 1 foot 

 from the walk, and another at the back. Tho lateral cordons may be 

 kitchen Apples, aud the vertical cordons dessert kinds. The trees on 

 No. 4 should not reach to within the wall of No. 1 border by the distance 

 the vertical cordons are to be in height, which in your case should not 



Ehododendrons aptee Fohcino {West of Scotlavd).—Yoa did right to 

 keep them under glass until the growth was completed, also in placing 

 them out of doors afterwards, the pots being plunged in coal anhea in an 

 open situation, and plentifully supplied with water in dry weiither. In 

 this position wo would leave them another year, top-dressing the pots 

 with cow dung in llarch, and at the end of May watering well in dry 

 weather. Wo think your plants will form bloom buds pbntifully next 

 season. They do not generally flower tho year after forciog. You are 

 wrongly advised to keep them under glass constantly with similar treat- 

 ment to Azalea indica, though if you have a cool, airy, light house and 

 plenty of room, thit plan answers very well, and is desirable for some 

 kinds, hut not for those you name. 



Laws DisrionnFO by BErKo Tra5ipi.ed (E. O.).— We shonld advise 

 yoa to well scratch the lawn with an iron rake in March, and then spread 

 over it some ivell-rotted manure or fine rich compost. Early in April give 

 another good raking, clearing off the rough of the manure or rich com- 

 post, and sow over it Festuca durinscula, 4 lbs. ; Fcstuca tenuifolia, 

 41bs. ; Cynosurus cristatus, 6 lbs.; Poa nemoralis, 2 lbs.; Trifolium 

 minus, 4 lbs. ; Trifolium repena, 4 lbs. ; the above jn mixture for one acre 

 of lawn. Roll well after sowing, which should be done when the ground 

 is diy, but with an early prospect of rain, end do not mow for a month, or 

 better six weeks, then mow as usual and keep well rolled. Bonedusi is 

 the most durable of manures, excellent for grass. It may be applied In 

 March, before the first raking of tho lawn, eli'i'.ributing it broadcast over 

 the surface, and at the rate of 12 lbs. per au square yards, which is a 

 moderate dressing. 



Paraffin Oil on Buds of Fruit Trees {A. Q.). — We have seen it 

 applied to every part e.f tho trees indiscriminately, and have not noticed 

 any injurious eftect, but it is not in our opinion a desirable proceeding, 

 especially as there are other more safe, less nauseous, and pleasanter 

 substances which may be applied, and will answer the purpose. Clarke's 

 Compound will destroy the scale, and every part may be coated with it 

 without danger of injury to the 'ouds or even leaves. Two ounces to the 

 gallon will kill scale, but fnr winter dressings we should use it at the rate 

 ot_8 ozs. to tho gallon. However, we do not think paraffin oil would 

 injure the buds any more than the woodif applied to them, as it ought to be, 

 at this season. If the application be deterred until the buds begin to swell. 



exceed feet. We would extend the lateral cordons all round the garden we should not advise it nor of any other composition. Now is the time 



on the borders No. 2 and No. S, and have them Apples, but they will do " ■ - • 



little good in No. 3 unless the trees shading it are cropped. The wall of 

 No. 2 border we would devote to Pears on the Quince stock, as vertical 

 cordons 2 feet apart, seventeen trees:— four Bergamut'.e d'Espercn, three 

 Benrri- Suporfln, three Louise Bonne of .lerscv, three Prince Albert, two 

 Baronno de Mello, and two BouiTe Diel. No, S wall will only suit CuiTanta 

 —Bed, White, and Black. The best sorls are the Red IJutch and tho 

 Long-bur.ched Bed, which is a litlle latter, and Transparent White— these 

 should be planted 2 feet apait— and the Black Naples, 3 feet apart. You 



may liaTe the Morello Cherry ou tUeMnhaleb, as well ns the Currauts, on 

 the wall ol No. 3, placing the trees 6 feet arart, aud trainins them in the 

 Ian form. \\ e now come to the centre becJ. and this we would plant with 

 a line of Pears on the Quince stock. Cherries on tho Glahaleb. and Plnms 

 as pyramids, all 4! feet apart, and 3 feet from the wall, needing twentv- 

 eight trees for thf; sides and foiir for the ends, or thiity-two in all. Tho 

 four at tho ends may be May Duke. Late Duke, andtwo Flort-nco Cherries. 

 The Pears may be two Doyenut- d'Ete nu the Pear stock, four Fondantc 

 d'Autonine. four Culmar d'Ete. four Williams' Bon Chretien, four Beurre 

 d'ArombcTp, and two Zepherin GrL^goire. If you prefer Apples in place 

 of I ears, tbey succeed admirably as pyramids on the English Par-idiee 

 stock. Of riunis you may have two Heine t;iaudo de Bavay, two Kirke's, 

 two Guthrie's Late Green, and two JofftrBon. All round this border, 

 1 feet S inches from the walk, as also on the inside 1 feet inches from 

 the trees, you may have a row of Strawberries, and the sp.^ce between 

 the Strawberries or the ryramids you may dispose of by having a rail up 

 the centre for Raspberries, Red Autwei-p or Fastolff, and have a row of 

 GooBebeiries on each side, but you must in the c.ise of two rows of 

 Gooseberries omit in a year or two the two inner rows of Strawbeniea. 

 Perhaps it would bo as well only to have Raspberries one-third the length 

 of the ceiitral border, two rows, and have two rows of Gooseberries 

 Sleet apart at the other en<3. they beinp 5 feet from the rows of pyramids. 

 If this arrangement of the central bed do not give you enough of space 

 lor Strawberries, Goosuberries, and RnHpberriea as ynu wish, you might 

 have a bed of Strawberries all round 4 f..ct wide, a row of Raspberries up 

 the centre, and a row of Gooseberries on each side. This would be a 

 good arrangement, and may probably suit you belter than the other, if 

 you have enough Pears, &c., in the other compartments. 



Plattloma FLEX009UM (A. M. G.).—We should think it a desirable 

 plant for either a basket or a peat wall. We should, if we could not give 

 it a pot, prefer the basket, but it is not suitable for euspeuding. 



TniE OF Repotting A::alea9 (a.?i(ai).— The best time for repotting 

 Aaalens is after flowering, or when thov r.re commencing to make fresh 

 growth. They mcr also be potted after the growth is complete. 



Khododendrons for a Town Gaeoen {A Loiter o?" ii'S.va). — Throe 

 COodkindsareEvcresUanum, rosy lilac; Blandyauum, rosy crimson j and 

 Lefevreanum, purplish crimson. 



Stocks Fon Ro?i;a f/(^7?0.—GIoire de Dijon snccocds well on the Briar, 

 also on the MonetM. Jules Margottin would be best on the Manetii, 

 though if your soli be atrciig they would both do well on the Briar. 



Cuttings OP Acacia, Genista, and Camellia (./. C. Z.).— The best 

 time to put in cuttings of the former two is early in feuramer. taking the 

 growing paiuta after the bases have become firm, or when the wood is 

 about half ripe. Theyshculd be inserted in sandy peat, surfacing the 

 pots with eand. They shuuld be covered with a bell-glass, and placed in 

 a gentle beat, and shaded from bright sun. Camf-llias are not worth pro- 

 pagating from cuttings. They are bc&t grafted. The stocks, however, are 

 raised from cuttings extensively, July and Augu?t being the best season, 

 vhen the shoots become i:po at their bases. They require a bottom heat 

 of from 70'' to 75*^, and sandy peat and loam, with sand in equal parts, 

 Borfacing tho cutting pots with about half an inch of silver sand. 



PuiciKG Manuee on a Vine Boi:dep, (Mem). —You may cover the 

 border with littery manure, but we do not seo the necessity for forking 

 some into the border previously, though tbo surface may be lightly stirred 

 before placing the manure on the border. Your flower is a Pelargonium, 

 but we cannot name florists' flowers. 



for dressing fruit trees and up to February. 



Selection of Plants (S. P.).—Store Plants: Allamanda grandiflora 

 A. Hendersoni ; Clerodeudrou Balfouri, C. Ktempferi ; Cyrioceras re- 

 flexum; Dipladenia amabilis, D. crasginoda magnifica, D. splendens ; 

 Hoya imperialis ; Ixora acuminata, I. cocciuea euperba, 1. crocatn, 

 I. javanica flcribunda ; Rondeletia speclosa major, Stephanotis flori- 

 buuda, Vinca ros°a, Combretum pm'pureum, Plei'oma Beuthamiana. 

 Grcfnhovpc Plants : Acrophyllum venosum.Phcenocomaprolifera Barnesii, 

 Aphelesia macrantha purpurea, A. humilis ; Boronia strrulata, Brng- 

 mansia suaveolens, Choiozema cordata splondens, Crovrea saligna 

 msjor, C. macrantha, Dracophyllum graclle, Eriostemoii iutermedium, 

 Genetyllia tulipifera, Kftlosantlics coccinea superba, Leschenaultia for- 

 mosa coccinea, L. splendens, Pleroma clegans, Pimclea Kendcrsoni, aud 

 Rhynchospermum j.isminoides ; AUiantum farlcyense, A. pentadactylon. 

 A. trapezitorme, Asplenium Veitcliianum, A. caudatnra, A pra:;mor8um, 

 Blechnum coreovadense, Cbeilanthes birla var. EUieiana, Davallia poly- 

 anthn, Drynaria musoefolia, D. quercifolia, Gcniophlebiam subauricula- 

 turn, Gymnogramma peruviana iirgyrophylla, G. Laucboana, Neottopteris 

 nidus, Nothoelfpna trichomanoidcs, Ptei'is tricolor, and Piatycerium 

 stemmaria. The above collection docs not include tree and Filmy Fems- 

 Lycopods : Selnginella africana, cre&ia, atrovii'idis, circiuale, umbrosa, 

 lepidophylia; Lyalli, Waliichi, flexuosa, serpens, caulescens, Martensii 

 variegata, and Griffithii. 



Flower Border (Novii-e).—'We could not improve your proposed 

 ai-rangem'!nt, only the nnnel v/ould look better on gravel, but grass will do. 

 Warted YiNr Leaves (J. 2?.).~V'e do not consider the warts on the 

 Vine leaves a disease. When the roota have less moisture and the 

 atmosphere of the house is a little drier, and the Vines are scarcely so 

 vigorous in growth, the warts will disappear. 



Gold and Bronze Pklargoniums.— BIr. Cannell says, "Your corre- 

 Fpondent ' W. B. G.' speaks very positively that Perilla Is a green variety ; 

 but I have some dozens of that and Kentish Hero side by bide, and both 

 are now presenting a beautiful gold bronze appearance, and judging 

 from their present condition I really could not say which of the two is the 

 more attractive : but kuowing their good as well'as their bad qualities, I 

 freely admit, os I di.l in my former letter, that Perilla is much behind 

 Kentish Hero for bedding purposes." 



Orchabd House Fruit Trees {W. Nolan).— With snch a mixture in 

 your orchard house, you will only succeed by keeping one end {either 

 by giving less air, protection, or other means), warmer than the other; 

 and beginning at tho warmer end wo would thus arrango them— Oranges, 

 LcTUons, Figs, Vines, Peaches, Nectarines, Plums, Cherries, and Apricots. 

 Cucumber Leaves Injured (SfasWf).— The spots aud wrinkles on the 

 Cucumber leaves are chiefly the result of the snn striking on tho leaves 

 v.'hilfct there is an accumiilalion of vapour in tho house. Early air- 

 giving will prevent this, and a slightly drier atmosphere. We could seo 

 no Ihrips, but we almost think these little insects have been there. 

 Examine the lower side of the larger discoloured leaves, and if the 

 insects are there they will soon jump ofT. We have caught them on a 

 wet sponge, but on a largo scale the best remedy is smoking with tobacco. 

 CnRYSANTiiEMcns LoPiNG THEIR LEAVES (Tt. G. 1/".}.— Chrysanthe- 

 mums require much moisture, and cverytime a pot plant becomes dry it 

 revenges itself by throwing uii some of the lower leaves. A sudden 

 change will also cause this, and sometimes it results from the plants 

 standing too thickly. 



Treatment of Cold Stiff Soil (Irfem).— Our mode of treatment 

 would bo to dig or trench now as deeply as the good soil, loosen the 

 bottom with a pick and leave it, aud as the work goes on leave the soil in 

 rouphridgei? to allow the airto ^o freely through it. After it has been 

 well exposed to frost turn the ridyes over, aiid several times, and then in 

 spring apply the manure, so that it shall not be wasted before the roots 

 reach it. 



Flue Heating a Greenhouse {Ifwj^clfj/).— We do not quitie under- 

 stand the mode you propose, as your end section merely shows the fluo 

 crossing the house at the end. If you mean to take a fluo under your 



