Dooember 17, 1869. ] 



JOURNAL OP HOBTICULTDKE AND COTTAGE OABDENEB. 



i6Sb 



weather is mild. Wherever euoh posts or poles ^ronld be 

 nnsightly, we have nsed chains fastened to a collar round the 

 stem, and taken those to strong posts driven obliciuely under 

 the surface. For largo trees three chains are necessary. 



ORNAMENTAL DErAUTMENT. 



Besides attending to the general routine, as alluded to in 

 preceding weeks, we have been employed in making changes, 

 moving shrubs with and without balls, and, in the latter case, 

 on the same principle as has been alluded to in regard to the 

 Apple trees. Here we might have something to say on the 

 principle of making changes in gardens, such as turning turf 

 into beds and beds into turf, so as to give fresh soil to plants 

 with the greatest ease. We might also have something to say 

 on pruning Laurels rather freely ; and though we would prefer 

 doing that in spring there is no danger in doing it now, unless 

 we have a very severe winter, and spring brings so much to do 

 with it ; hut we mast leave these, and say a word respecting 



Fresh-planted Yomirj Trees. — We would direct prominent at- 

 tention to the importance, in the case of forest trees, of well 

 treading the soil about them afresh a few weeks after planting, 

 and choosing a day when the soil is rather dry for performing 

 such an operation. They will rarely want such treading after- 

 wards, and gales will be unable to dislodge them, or bend them 

 from the perpendicular. It is very difiicult to get extensive 

 planting done by men taken on at random. They will either 

 put the plant too deep, or not deep enough, and of the two the 

 first is the worse. In planting young Gorse by the dibber, not 

 one in ten, though holding gardens, has any idea that the one 

 oblique stroke, and then bringing the dibber with soil in the 

 front of it right up perpendicularly to the plant, firms it better 

 and more thoroughly than half a dozen puddling strokes. We 

 have hardly ever known a better season for planting than this 

 lias been up to the present, as the ground as yet is far from cold. 



Heating by Gas. — A number of small places have been heated 

 by our recommendation and that of our coadjutors and 

 the Conductors, but in all the cases with which we are ac- 

 quainted the places were small, and the great convenience of 

 the gas rendered the plan on the whole the most economical. 

 Some small places have been heated by our recommendation, 

 nsing merely a ring of burners in an iron stove, with a small 

 pipe from the stove to take the products of combustion into 

 the open air. We think this is the simplest mode in which 

 gas can be used, merely making the gas take the place of a char- 

 coal or coke fire in a stove. We noted carefully at the time, 

 and circumstances have made us carefully consider just now, 

 the various plans of heating by gas, reproduced in pages 278 

 and 279, in the number for October 10th, 1867. We know that 

 all the plans there given can be made to answer, whether hot 

 water is used or pipes are taken from the gas stove through the 

 house ; but all this hot water and taking pipes through the 

 house are often inconvenient, and are all so far a departure 

 from the simplicity of a common fire stove. Now, we have 

 had little to do with gas stoves, in comparison with common 

 fire stoves ; but our idea is, provided you put enough of jets or 

 of argand burners in a gas stove, that that should be sufficient 

 to heat a small place without any other help whatever, unless a 

 small pipe — say 1 inch or less in diameter, going directly out 

 of the house, not from the top but the side of the stove, to 

 take oS the products of combustion, whilst air would be sup- 

 plied from the bottom of the stove to keep the gas burning. 



One, and achief point, is wholly omitted in the number referred 

 to — namely, the expense of the gas, a matter of no importance 

 in a small place as set against the great convenience and saving 

 of labour ; but a matter of importance when a large place is 

 desired to be thus heated, and where it would be very incon- 

 venient to have any pipes from the stoves, except the discharge 

 pipes into the open air. For the place we are thinking about, 

 we should judge that six rings of gas would be needed, enclosed 

 in six plate-iron stoves, resembling /iy. 7 or fig. 1 at the pages 

 indicated, each ring containing at least fifteen jets. Now these 

 jets would on an average consume a cubic foot of gas per hour, 

 and though in mild weather four or five hours' burning might 

 be 8u£5cient, in severe weather the gas would have to burn 

 almost constantly, and in twenty-four hours, therefore, about 

 2000 feet of gas would be used. To know the value and 

 the quantity of gas consumed in given circumstances would, 

 therefore, be most important, and so would all facts bearing on 

 heating a stove, such as plate iron or galvanised iron with gas, 

 without any pipes, except a small waste pipe into the open air ; 

 and the smallest size of such pipe found effectual, as the smaller 

 the pipe, if sufficient for the purpose, the more will the heat 

 be concentrated in and given off by the stove. Our present 



belief is that heating by gas will only be found eeonomioal 

 when used for small houses, and then it is of all others the 

 most convenient. Kro long most gentlemen's places will have 

 their gasometer, and if, after paying everything, gas can be ob- 

 tained for about 'M. M. per 1000 feet, it may be used for 

 many purposes of heat as well as light. — B. F. 



COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— December in. 



Very little buBincBS Ib bein^? tlono, and prices are barely maintained at 

 last week's quotationB. Foreign produee presents no now features, the 

 only tliinf^ worth notice is an importation of Amerieau Nowtown Pippins 

 of average quality. Tbo Potato trade is very dull except in choice 

 samples, which bnng from 808. to 120«. per ton. 



Apples Vj Bleve 1 



Apricots doz. 



Cherries lb. 



Cheetnuts bnsh. 10 



OnrrantB % sieve 



Black do. 



Figs doz. 



Filberts lb. 



Cobs lb. 



Gooseberries ..qnart 



Grapes, Hothouse.. lb. 8 



Lemons 100 4 



d. 



6 to 2 











IS 

 



FROIT. 

 B. d 



Melons each 2 



Nectarines doz. 



Oranges 100 2 



Penebes doz. 



PearB (dessert) ..doz. 2 



Pine Apples lb. 3 



Plums Vj sieve 



Quinces doz. 



RaBpberries lb. 



Strawberries., per lb. 



Walnuts bush. 10 



do per 100 1 



d. H. 

 OtoS 

 



VEGETABLES. 



Artichokes doz. 



Asparagus 100 10 



Beans, Kidney per hd. 2 



Beet, Red doz. 



Broccoli bundle 



Brus. Sprouts ^j sieve 

 Cabbage doz. 



■. d. s. 

 0to6 

 

 



2 



1 



2 



Capsicums 100 



Carrots bunch 



Cauliflower doz. 8 



Celery bundle 1 



Cucumbers each 



Endive doz. 2 



Fennel btmch 



Oariio lb. 



Herbs bunch 



Horseradish .. bundle & 



d 

 

 

 8 

 8 

 

 

 

 





 2 

 

 

 C 



Leeks bnneh 



Lettuce per score 



Mushrooms .... pottle 

 Mustd.& Cress, punnet 



Onions per buBhel 



Parsley per sieve 



Parsnips doz. 



Peas per quart 



Potatoes bushel 



Kidney de. 



Hadishes doz. buncbefl 



Rhubarb bundle 



Sea-kale basket 



Shallots lb. 



Spinach bnsbel 



Tomatoes per doe. 



Turnips bunch 



TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 



Sutton & Sons, Beading. — Suttons' Amateur's (hiiie and 

 Spring Catalogtie, 1868. 



E. Pennell & Son, Lincoln. — Catalogue of Ormmental Trees 

 and Shruis, Forest Trees, Coni/erie, and Descriptive List of 

 Fruits. Descriptive Catalogue of Roses. 



T. Cripps & Son, Tanbridge Wells, ¥.&!&.— Wholesale Cata- 

 logue of Nursery Stock. 



W. Barron '& Son, Elvaston Nurseries, Borrowash, near 

 Derby.— Ca(a;o(7ue of Ornamental Plants, Fruit Trees, dc. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



•»• We request that no one will write privately to the depart- 

 mental writers of the "Journal of Horticulture, Cottage 

 Gardener, and Country Gentleman." By so doing they 

 are subjected to unjustifiable trouble and expense. All 

 communications should therefore be addressed solely to 

 The Editors of the Journal of Horticulture, dc, 171, Fleet 

 Street, London, E.G. 

 Books (IF. B. B.).— Hcnfrey's "Rudiments of Botany," price 8». M. 

 You can obtain it through any bookseller (A. N. Parson,).—" How to 

 Farm Two Acres Profitably," would suit you probably. You can have it 

 free by post from our otSce if you enclose fourteen postage st imps with 

 your address, (ir. Miller}.— II you enclose twenty-seven postage stamps 

 with your address, and order " Greenhouses " and " In-door Gardening," 

 they will be seat post free from our office. They contain the directions 

 you need. 



Name of Cobeespondent {T. WiUiamt).—We cannot state this, it 

 causes far too much inconvenience. If any one offers in our columns to 

 give away a few seeds he is deluged with applications. 



Back Numbers (£. S. F.).— You can have the back numbers if yoo 

 specify them, and enclose their price in stamps with your direction. We 

 cannot name plants from seeing their leaves. 



EspiRAN Grape (One Fond of Vine Culture).— The difference of opinion 

 as to the merits of this variety probably arises from the Grapes being 

 cultivated differentlv and in a different soil. We have eaten excellent 

 Espiran Grapes grown under glass, and we have known that it ripens 

 against a wall in the south of England, but wo never tasted the produce. 

 Do not remove your Vine until you have tried it, and we shall be obliged 

 by your reporting to us the result. 



Gardeners' Examination (F. 0.).— lt you write to Mr. RichardBt 

 Assistant Secretary, Royal Hort icultural Society's Offices, South Eensing- 

 1 ton, he will send you full printed particulars. 



