March 26, 18C8. 1 



JOUKNAL OF HOBTICULTUliE AND COTTAGE GABDENEK. 



2:39 



year on a piece of Turnips. Part being treated in the way I 

 have described was a good crop, lint tlie part not so treated was 

 completely eaten up by the Turnip (ly.— C. J., Airlvi/. 



PORTRMT.S OF PL.WTS. FLOWEllS, AND 

 FliUlTS. 



Thvnh Benson'i.i! (Mrs. Benson's Tliunia). Xat. nrd., Or- 

 chidaccir. Linn., Gynandria Monandria.— Native of Rangoon. 

 Flowers purplish lilac and white. Lip darker purplish lilac, 

 with yellow-crested disk. — {Hut. itaii., t. .'if!!)-!,) 



Beoonia GLANnuLiFKiiA (Glandular Begonia). Xat. ord., 

 Begoniaceoe. Linn., IVIomvcia Polyandria. — Native of Trinidad. 

 Flowers white. — {IhUl., t. 5005.) 



DicENTniNxnEBA MACKoniYLLA (Largo-leaved Dicentran- 

 thera). Nat. <>nl., Acanthace.i?. I. inn., Didynamia Angio- 

 spermia.' — Native of Fernando I'o, and banks of rivers in 

 Western Africa. Flowers rosy purple exteruallv, whiter inter- 

 nally.— {I(jW., (. 5096.) 



Odontoglossum Ai.EXANnr.'E var. guttati.-ji (Spotted va- 

 riety of Princess Alexandra's Odontoglossum). Xat. onl., Or- 

 chidacea\ Linn., Gynandria Monandria. — Flowers white 

 spotted with dull crimson ; lip yellow at the base. — (Iliid., t. 

 5697.) 



■Vehnonia (Sxesgelia) Calvoana (Signer Calvo's Vernonia). 

 Nat. onl., Compositte. Linn., Syngenesia rcqualis. — "This 

 magnificent composite plant " is a native of the Cameroons 

 Mountains, in the Bight of Benin, at 7000 feet elevation. Bay 

 florets and involucral scales white ; disk florets purple. — 

 {Ibid., t. 5G98.) 



Cola achjiinata (Kola-nat Tree). Nat. ord., Sterciiliace<-E. 

 Linn., MonoeciaMonadelphia. — Native of Tropical Africa. The 

 nuts are universally eaten by the nati%-es there, and in the 

 West Indies, as a condiment. They are also nsed as a medicine, 

 and to sweeten putrid water. Flowers yellow. — {Ibid., t. 5699.) 



Pelargonicii, Andirn' Henderson. — "Submitted last autumn 

 to the Imperial Horticultural Society of France, and awarded 

 a first-class certificate for its superlative merit, this very beau- 

 tiful double-flowered variety of Zonal Pelargonium, may well 

 commend itself to our notice. IX. Carriure in adverting to it, 

 remarks that, had the raiser flowered it soon enough to have 

 been able to exhibit it at the Great P.iris Exhibition, it would 

 have been universally admitted to be greatly superior to all 

 other known varieties in its class. 



" One of its chief features of excellence consists in its style 

 of growth, the habit and texture of foliage being more like 

 those of the majority of the fine single-flowered varieties of 

 English gardens, than of the robust, coarse, vigorous double 

 sorts of the P. inquinans section, previously known. The colour 

 of the flowers also differs from that of all preceding varieties, 

 being a clear deep scarlet lake. The truss is of extraordinary 

 size, larger than in any previous double variety, taking a glo- 

 bular outline, and bearing from sixty to eighty expanded blos- 

 soms, which are well proportioned, very double, and regularly 

 imbricated like a Ranunculus, thus again differing from the 

 sorts already known, which more nearly resemble the Holly- 

 hock in the arrangement of their petals. 



" This brief description sufficiently indicates the distinguish- 

 ing features as well as the great merit of this novel variety, 

 which we may safely recommend for conservatory pot-culture, 

 and also to form select specimens for garden decoration. The 

 variety was raised by JI. Lemoine, of N.aucy, and a great 

 portion of the stock has been acquired by Messrs. E. G. Hen- 

 derson & Son." — {Flori-H and Pumolonist, 3 s., i., 49.) 



EJriGRATION. 



The communication in the Journal of the l!Ofh ult., from 

 a correspondent in New Jersey, calls for comment. He 

 endeavours to argue that " Wiltsiiike Rkcior'' is wrong in 

 teaching contentment, and attempting to dissuade his country- 

 men, and those of them who are gardeners or garden labonrers 

 in particular, from leaving a certainty in their own favoured 

 land for*an uncertainty in a new and strange country, and 

 goes on to show the advantages to be obtained by a residence 

 in the United States. He states thai his labourers each receive 

 1 dol. 60c. per day for their work, which if they were every day 

 employed would amount to 9 dols. and OOc. per week, and if 

 they paid 5 dols. a-week for board and lodging, there would be 

 left a balance of 4 dols. and GOc. with which to provide clothing 



and other necessaries. Now, bow far will this go even with 

 an unmarried man, when a respectable suit of clothes, such as 

 an English gardener would like to appear in, will cost from 

 ■10 to 50 dols., and a good pair of boots H or 1(1 dols. :' Then, 

 again, the cost of provisions is enormously high, and, if neces- 

 sary, I could give a list of prices which will prove that fact, 

 anil show that the cost of living is proportionably greater than 

 in England. 



The fact of the shipment of breadstuffa, ttc, from New York 

 to England is no argument at all. There is a surplus of Wheat, 

 flour, cheese, &o., in the country that could not be disposed of 

 at nny price at home, and must be exported for a market. Most 

 of these productions come from the Western States and Canada, 

 and when the cost of production and the price received are talwn 

 into account, it will be found that there is very little for the 

 producer, and that the railway and other carriers obtain most 

 of the profits. 



I have warned " gardenei's by profession," of the vicissitudes 

 of the climate in the temperate parts of North America, and 

 your correspondent's story tends to prove me right. Although 

 "John," judging from his vernacular, must have been a very 

 poor specimen of the professional, yet we cannot believe that 

 his " flowers " came to grief altogether througij his inexperience 

 and negligence. They were a total failure, and as the master 

 seems to have supplied the plants it must be presumed the 

 " sort " was all right, and the season must have had some 

 effect on both the " flowers " and the Cabbages. If this be 

 not the case, then gardening in America must require a vast 

 deal of American experience. 



At the present time the United Stales is a tax-ridden country. 

 Even a halfpenny bunch of matches is pasted over with an 

 internal revenue stamp of the same value as the matches. 

 Then it must be remembered that little or no work can be 

 done in the winter, and a labouring man must lay up enough 

 of his summer earnings to provide for him during the un- 

 employed days of winter. I know a hardworking influKtrious 

 old man, and a good kitchen gardener, who has been in business 

 fo; himself in America for some years, and who has often told 

 me that while working in a nursery near Exeter for 9~-. per 

 week he was better off and much happier than he has ever 

 been in his adopted country, as the winter always eats up all 

 he can lay by during the growing season. 



After a residence of eighteen years in foreign lands, and 

 much of the time spent in various parts of North America, I 

 say most emphatically, Staii iit home, and as a pendant to this 

 advice would add the following extract from the London .S'coi.t- 

 niiin, and say that not only iroumoulders to whom it particu- 

 larly refers, but all others, and especially the members of the 

 "Journal " circle, will be more happy and prosperous if they 

 take good " Wiltshire Rector's" advice. — W. T. Goldsmith. 

 '• Cautiox to Purposed Emigrants.— The s,ingniiie promises of 

 plenty of work and high wages in America, lield out to members of 

 the Scottish Ironmoulders' SociL'ty a few mouths ago, have not. been 

 reaUsed. Three members of the union, who went to the United States 

 l.ist November in the hope of hudiug plenty of work, have sent home 

 a melancholy warning to their comrades, in which they state th.at they 

 have^ been ten weeks in Pennsylvania and • have not yet found an 

 hour's work.' They complain in veiy severe terms of the ofticcrs of 

 both .Scotch and EngHsh societies ' for withholding information relat- 

 ing to trade in America.' ' The members at home,' they say, ' have 

 been coutinunlly kept in the dark. All kinds of work are" equallv 

 Krarce : we see nothing hut starvation before as, and hundreds of our 

 fellow-mouldei-s who have come here as we did, are in a like, or even 

 worse condition.' The President of an Ironmoulders' Union in Phila- 

 delphia corroborates the statement of the unfortunate Scottish emi- 

 gi-auts. ' Fully three-fourths of the entire lahouriug populution of 

 the States are now out of work,' he says, ' and there seems to be no 

 prospect of improvement.' Ho denounces the ' emigiatiou scheme ' 

 promoted by the oiEcers of the English and Scotch trades' unions as a 

 " direct ontrageous fraud ' practised upon their own members, and a 

 gross imposition upon the American people. If the leaders of trade 

 societies can make no reply to this, tlicy ought to be severely 

 punished in some way or other." 



ORNAMENTAL AND FLOWERING SHRUBS. 



{Continued from page 206.) 



Daphxi: mezerevm. — Flowers pink, small, numerous, sweet- 

 scented, appearing before the leaves .Jancai-y to March. 3 to -1 feet. 

 Seeds. A well-known and highly ornamental shrub. There is a 

 variety with white tlowers, 



Deutzli crenata iLORE-FLENO. — Flowers white, double, highly 

 ornamental, in May and Jane. Cuttings and layers. •> to ?• feet. 



Deutzia gracilis.— Flowers white, in clusters, very handsome, and 



