May 14, 1868. J 



JOURNAL OP HORTIOULTDRE AND COTTAGE GABDENER. 



369 



PouTEn.—Cdc*.— First. W. Hnrvoy, Hheffleld. Second, P. H. Jones, 

 Fulham. HiRhly Commended, U. Fulton ; H. Y.irdleT. Commended, R. 

 Fulton ; P. II. JoneB. Hpii.— First, W. Uarvey. Second, 11. Fulton. 

 Commended, J. Hawley (Blue). 



ToMULERa (Almonds). — First, J. Hawlcv. Second. P. H. .Tones. 

 Highly Commended, R. Fnlton ; F. Kov, Beverley. Commended, K. 

 Fnlton. 



TcMBt.Ens (Any other viiricty).— First, J. Hawlev. Second, R. Fulton. 

 (Agate Mottled). Hiffhly Commended, It Fnlton (Mottled) ; H. Yardley; 

 T. Stattors, Hall (Kites). Commended, Mrs. J. E. Cross (German Feather- 

 footed). 



Baubs.— First, J. Firth, jun., Dcwsbury. Second, J. Hnwley (Black). 

 Highly Commended, P. 11. Jones. Commended, A. Dove, York ; P. H. 

 Jones. 



Owls.— First, J. FieldinK, jun., Rochdale. Second, J. Clark, Thirsk 

 (White African). Hi(,'hly Commended, A. Dove. Commended, J. Mar- 

 shall, Driffield. 



FANT.ULS.— First, J. Hawley (White). Second, P.. Moll, Hull. Hi(!hly 

 Commended, H. Yardley ; T. F.Urington, Beverley. Commended, T. C. 

 and E. Newbitt, F.pworth. near Bawtrv. 



Jacobixs.— First, J. Hawley iRe.i). Second, T. C. & E. Newbitt. 

 Highly Commended. C. Bulpin, Bridgwater. 



Tur'bits.— First, T. Statters. Second, J. Thackr.iv, Petergate, Y'ork. 

 Highly Commended, J. Hawlev (Silver) ; W. Lund, Shipley ; P. H. Jones ; 

 J. Thackray. Commended, J. T. Lishmau, Girlington ; R. Paterson, 

 Melrose (Blue) ; R. Wilson, Thirsk (Blue) ; C. Bulpin. 



Dragons. — First. P. H. Jones. Secor.d. H. Y'ardlev. Highly Com- 

 mended, H. Taylor (White). Commended, H. Yardley; J. DeaUin, Shef- 

 field ; C. Bulpin. 



ANV New OB Distinct Vabfetv.— First, J. T. Lishman (Magpiesl. Se- 

 cond, R. Moll (Nuns). Highly Commended, J. Hawley (Trnmpetorai ; J. 

 T. Lishman (^wallow); H. Yardley; J. Clark (Swiss), Commended, H. 

 Y'ardley: Dr. Thompson (Archangels) ; H. Draycott (German Toys) ; S. A. 

 Wyllie, Kingston-on-Thamea (German Toys). 



Selling Class.— First, H. Y'ardley. Second, P.. J. Bell, Whitefriargate, 

 Hull (Mottled Trumpeters). Highly Commended, J. Hawley (Pouters) ; 

 C. Bulpin. Commended, H. Taylor (White Dragons); J. Firth, jun. ; J. 

 Hawley. 



RABBITS. 



Lop-eared (taking all properties). — First, Ca2>, and Second, W. .Alli- 

 son, Sheffield. Highly Commended, A. H. Fasten, Hull ; W. S. Hornby, 

 York; C. Gravill, Thome: M. Millington, York. Commended, A. H. 

 Easten ; J. R. Jessop ; J. WagstaJf, Doneaster ; S. Hall. 



Lop-eared (Black and White, Grey and White).— First, M. Millington. 

 Second, A. H. Easten. Highly Commended, K. Keyworth, Hull; C. Gra- 

 vill. Commended. W. S. Hornby ; J. Wagstaff. 



Lop-eared (Yellow and White, or Tortoiaeshell). — First, A. H. Easten. 

 Second, C. Gravill. Highly Commended, M. Millington. Commended, 

 W. Allison. 



Heaviest.— First, J. Taylor. Second, A. H. Fasten. Highly Com- 

 oiended, W. Pratt, Birmingham. Commended. W. Neal, York. 



Pair of any other Variety. — First, C. Rayson, Manchester (Angora). 

 Second, R. R. Wise, S«. Ives (Silver-Greys). Highly Commended, A. H. 

 Easten (Silver-Greys) ; R. R. Wise (Silver-Greys) : .J. R Jessop (Himalaya) ; 

 C. Rayson (Himalaya). Commended, J. Taylor (White and Gold). 



The {?i-eatest length of ear was 22^ inches, and the greatest width 

 4^tha inches. The heaviest weighed 14 lbs. 



CANARIES. 



Belgian (Yellow). — First, G. Grant, Beverley. Second. T. C. Harrison. 



Belgian (Bufl').- First, J. Eexson, Derby. Second. (>. Grant. 



Hfle.— First, W. Campey, Beverley (GolJiinch Mule). Second, J. 

 3exson (Jonque Goldfinch). 



Masked.- First, J. Bexson (Y'ellow). Second. J. Gawan. 



Selling Class (-\ny Variety of Small Birds). — First and Second, J. 

 Gawan (Canary and Redcap). 



Judges. — Mr. Edward Hewitt. Sparkbrook, Birmingham ; Mr. H. 

 Adams, Beverley ; and Mr. Enoch Hntton, Pudsey, Leeds. 



INCUBATORS— KICE AS FOOD FOR POULTRY 

 Although a manufacturer of incubators, may I be allowed 

 to say one word in their favour " They possess at least one 

 qualification, a most important one, to which, perhaps, many 

 a breeder has never given a thought — an incubator is always a 

 friend in need. I can speak very forcibly on this point this 

 season, for hardly a chicken I have biat owes its life either di- 

 rectly or partially to an incubator. My sitting birds have been 

 mostly Brahma pullets, and have accordingly been in most cases 

 restless or awkward — sat well enough, perhaps, part of their 

 time, or else managed to kill their chickens as they hatched. 

 They also sat on stale eggs one month or six weeks old, the 

 chickens from which are always difficult to get out of the shell. 

 Then my incubator was a friend indeed. It was never restless 

 — it never trod its chickens to death. Let me, then, as a lover 

 of poultry, not as an incubator-maker, draw the attention of 

 all breeders strongly to this point, and also to tlie fact that, 

 with an incubator working, a hen never need have only half a 

 brood of chickens to run about with her. 



Allow me also, with all submission, to state that my experi- 

 ence of rice meal and feeding rice is totally different to the 

 advice I have seen repeated more than once. I find it the 

 most valuable food — the staple, I may say. wherewith to work 

 all other foods. My birds have done admirably on it, and for 

 price there is no comparison between it and barley or oatmeal. 

 — Fred. H. Schrobeb, Rickmansuiortli. 



EFFECTS OF CHILL UPON UNDEVELOPED 

 BROOD. 



O.N the ■24th of May, l.SOG, I stocked my unioomb hive with 

 an artificial swarm, by driving the bees out of an ordinary straw 

 hive, and then running thom with their queen into the 

 observatory hive. The queen was very prolific, and in three 

 weeks had filled almost every unoccupied cell with brood, and 

 young bees were emerging from their cells on the twenty-first 

 day after the introduction of the swarm. 



i left home upon the Kjth of June, and on my return, only 

 three days afterwards, observed a great number of bees dead on 

 the ground in front of, and also at the entrance of the hive. At 

 first I supposed that the hive had been attacked by strange 

 bees, but on opening the shutters perceived that the bees were 

 dying of starvation. Having removed the hive into the house, 

 as the weather was very inclement, I sprinkled the bees with 

 warm syrup, and eventually about a fourth part of them 

 revived ; but the queen with the remainder had succumbed to 

 cold and famine. My first impulse was to destroy the colony, 

 and remove the combs, which were entirely filled with brood, 

 but on further consideration I resolved to wait and see if the 

 bees would attempt to raise a queen, and also what would 

 become of the brood. For some days perfect bees continued to 

 emerge from the cells, but all tliat came out subsequently were 

 more or less imperfect in one or both of their wings ; many, 

 indeed, looked exactly as if their wings had been cut ofl' quite 

 close to their bodies. 'When a few days old, these bees as 

 usual came out to take an airing, and fell to the ground, so that 

 the hive was for some time constantly surrounded with these 

 unfortunates crawling about in all directions. 



The bees did not attempt to raise a queen, so in about a week 

 I presented them with a young queen as the legitinate successor 

 to the vacant throne. Although the bees had been so long 

 without a queen, she was not accepted without a good deal of 

 harsh treatment, and I had to release her several times from 

 the clutches of her f ut.ire subjects. As the surviving bees barely 

 occupied one-half of the hive, a large quantity of brood was 

 entirely neglected. This did not, however, produce any symp- 

 toms of foul brood. The dead brood was for the most part 

 dragged out of the cells sooner or later ; but when the grubs 

 were small, a spot of discoloration was visible at the bottom 

 of new cells. Eggs subsequently deposited in these cells were 

 hatched in due course, and no disease has since made its ap- 

 pearance in the colony.— J. E. B. 



BEE MANAGEMENT. 



" Can you inform me if this is the direct way to a certain 

 house ?" inquired I of what appeared to be rather an eccentric 

 character, one day when paying a visit to a certain bee-keeping 

 friend. " Did you pass a big white house and a large black 

 dog lying in front ? If so, yon will come to the house as soon 

 as you pass over the bridge ; but if you did not pass it you will 

 have to turn back." This was the rejoinder. The same thing 

 applies to many subjects, but to bees in particular, as, to come 

 to the proper niark, we must take care to pass the proper points 

 that may be in the way to whatever we aim at. 



Supposing, then, that apiarians have managed their bees 

 with every care and caution from September up to this date, 

 having been careful at that time to have them well fed, tho- 

 roughly defended from the inclemency of the weather, internal 

 moisture, and vermin — if all this has been done we may pre- 

 sume them to be on the fair road to success, and that they will 

 not require to turn back, or to wait another season, but will be 

 sure to gain the mark. I will, therefore, endeavour to givea 

 few instructions relating to the management of bees from this 

 time forward, so that the most may be made of them._ 



Presuming, then, that the stocks are in fair condition, that 

 they are well aired, the floor board cleaned, and pollen-carrying 

 commenced, the apiarian ought to attend to them, and by judi- 

 cious feeding to have them in a forward state at the end of 

 April or the beginning of May, or, according to circumstances, 

 it may be the end of May or beginning of June ; but at what- 

 ever time they become crowded, the apiarian ought to mark 

 those intended for swarming and those for storifying, pushinj; 

 forward the former (every fourth hive should be kept for this 

 purpose), and giving additional room to the latter, so that 

 nothing may impede their progress, assisting them at the same 

 time with whatever empty combs he may have in his posses- 

 sion. By pursuing this course the apiarian will seldom fail to 

 have an abundance of honey even in a year like 18*57, when a 



