April, '19] ORIENTAL PEACH MOTH: DISCUSSION 147 



tion and certification as to freedom from the insect would be exceed- 

 ingly difficult to arrange, "and would require a large force of inspectors 

 and funds to make the work reasonably efficient. Even under such a 

 system it is practically certain that the pest would gradually be dis- 

 seminated in spite of all efforts to the contrary. A more logical plan 

 would appear to be to provide for the inspection of orchards and quar- 

 antine movement into non-infested areas of fruit from orchards found 

 to be infested. 



In the case of nursery stock, the danger of distribution in the 

 speaker's judgment is slight. Of course it is possible that some of the 

 larvse might still be in the tips of the twigs when the trees are dug and 

 shipped in early fall, but in the case of nursery stock handled in the 

 usual way, larvse in most cases would have deserted the twigs and 

 sought suitable places for the construction of cocoons in which to hiber- 

 nate. Probably only in rare instances would the cocoon be found 

 along the trunk of the little nursery tree, but more likely on the ground 

 under accumulated trash, etc. Any quarantine plan to be effective, 

 therefore, should pay especial attention to restricting the movement 

 of infested fruit, the quarantine on nursery stock being merely inci- 

 dental. In view of the extreme difficulty, if not impossibility, of 

 restricting the spread of this insect by quarantine measures, such quar- 

 antines are, in the speaker's opinion, of doubtful utility and should 

 receive the careful attention of state entomologists before being put in 

 effect. Surely cooperation among state officials should be had and a 

 uniform policy adopted, if possible. 



In states where peach growing is now a large and specialized indus- 

 try, as in portions of the South, the Alleghany States, the Pacific Slope 

 and elsewhere, the officials charged with the protection of these indus- 

 tries from introduced insect pests will no doubt give careful considera- 

 tion as to what should be done under the circumstances, considering in 

 this connection the extreme difficulty of putting in operation measures 

 which would really prevent the movement of the pest in fruits. 



It is pretty certain that the oriental fruit moth will not be very troub- 

 lesome to apple growers, since the methods of control employed for the 

 codling-moth should also secure the control of this insect. In the case 

 of peaches, however, the situation is not so favorable, since owing to 

 the habits of the pest, it will be very difficult to materially control it 

 by sprays, judging from results of experimental work along this line 

 thus far carried out. 



Mr. J. G. Sanders: I would like to ask Professor Quaintance 

 whether he thinks it possible or probable that European authorities 

 may quarantine against American apples on account of this insect. 



Mr. a. L. Quaintance: That is a question I cannot answer. I 



