April, '19] HAWLEY: PHORBIA FUSCICEPS 203 



Don B. Whelan, East Lansing, Michigan. Mr. Whelan reports crude 

 arsenious oxide to be as effective against grasshoppers as Paris green 

 when used at the same strength, the formula used being one pound of 

 poison, one bushel of sawdust, one scant pound of salt and one cup of 

 molasses with water as needed. Mr. E. E. Twinge, County Agricul- 

 tural Agent of Kalkaska County, Michigan, used a barrel of this crude 

 arsenious oxide (coarse, granular grade) and obtained results generally 

 favorable as to its efficiencj^ against grasshoppers but he does not 

 believe it gives as good satisfaction as white arsenic, of whicli several 

 tons were used in Kalkaska County. This may have been due to 

 the coarseness of the crude arsenic. The formula given by Whelan and 

 noted above was used. 



V. L. Wildermuth, Tempe, Arizona. Under date of October 18, 

 1918, Mr. Wildermuth writes, ''We tried the crude arsenious oxide 

 against grasshoppers on three different occasions and were not at all 

 satisfied with the results. " He adds that the earlier sample furnished 

 by Mr. Walton, which was a finely powdered material, proved quite 

 satisfactory and gave excellent results and concludes that a powdered 

 grade would be quite more desirable than Paris green, chiefly because of 

 its cheapness and equal effectiveness. 



Our own experience with crude arsenious oxide has shown it 

 to be quite satisfactory against cutworms, army worms, and 

 grasshoppers, and in some cases it seemed to be even more effective 

 than Paris green but when using the coarse, granular grade we ex- 

 perienced the same difficulty noted by othes. We also found the bait 

 almost as effective when half sawdust was substituted for bran. 



From the above work conducted in various parts of the continent we 

 conclude that crude arsenious oxide is a satisfactory and reliable 

 substitute for Paris green at about one seventh the cost but that a 

 powdered grade only should be recommended. The one advantage of 

 Paris green over powdered arsenious oxide is its color which simplifies 

 the mixing and makes possible an unquestionable thorough mixture. 



SOME NOTES ON PHORBIA FUSCICEPS AS A BEAN PEST 



By I. M. Hwvi.Kv' 



In the spring of 1UI7 the l)ean crop in New York State was seriously 

 damaged by the seed-corn maggot (Phorbia fiisciceps 7ott). In five 

 townships f)f one county there was a loss of $lo,000 for seefl destroyed 

 by th(^ insect, and in another county the loss on 10,000 acres planteil 

 was estimated to l)e between .")() and 7") per cent. 



' Contrilmtidii finm tli»> Kntoinolonical l.jiltonitury of Coriicll I'liivcr^it y. 



