216 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 12 



of hoppers are found feeding on the most succulent food which is 

 usually in cultivated land. Since they do not oviposit in loose culti- 

 vated soil, they migrate to hard ground and they usually stop at the 

 first favorable place, and thus the egg capsules are very numerous 

 along the edge of the cultivated fields.) The egg capsules were dug up 

 and passed around, the number of eggs in several pods were counted 

 and the number of pods to each spadeful of earth was determined. In 

 this way it was impressed on the farmers just how many eggs an 

 uncultivated roadside or fence row could harbor. It was interesting to 

 notice that although these farmers had been fighting grasshoppers for 

 years, very few of them had ever seen or noticed one of the egg pods 

 before. 



After the farmers were convinced of the places of grasshopper ovi- 

 position, and of the overwhelming abundance of the eggs, a piece of 

 roadside or fence-row was then actually disked, and they were shown 

 just how the egg capsules were torn up and exposed by this process. 

 In every case it was no trouble to find eggs torn from the pods and 

 scattered broadcast behind the disk, and in every case the farmers were 

 fully convinced that fall disking of the hard grass places adjacent to 

 cultivated fields was a very important factor in solving the grasshopper 

 problem in Kansas. 



At each meeting cooperation was emphasized as much as possible 

 and in many cases whole townships actually organized at the meetings 

 to do the disking later as a unit. A grasshopper-egg disking day was 

 set aside, at which time all farmers in a community arranged to disk 

 their fence-rows, irrigation ditch banks and roadsides. 



In checking up the results of the various campaigns against grass- 

 hoppers in Kansas in 1918, we find that eight counties, Thomas, Sheri- 

 dan, Ford, Finney, Kearney, Hamilton, Meade, and Seward, furnished 

 white arsenic to their farmers and, with the exception of Finney 

 County, the rest of the ingredients for making the poison bran mash.^ 

 In these eight counties, 35,500 pounds of white arsenic, 355 tons of 

 bran and sufficient syrup and lemons to go with this amount of arsenic 

 and bran were put out as county projects. Even this large amount 

 was not sufficient to go around and many of the farmers in these coun- 

 ties bought their own materials. 



Questionnaires were sent out to a large number of local druggists 

 throughout the western part of the state to determine the general run 

 of white arsenic and Paris green sales as compared with previous years. 

 It was found that this representative group of local druggists sold 



"^Two other counties organized for the purpose of furnishing materials to their 

 farmers, but found the supply of arsenic exhausted. 



