June, '19] MOSHER: EUROPEAN CORN AND OTHER BORERS 261 



shield is very heavily chitinized on all these species and extends ventrad 

 to include the spiracular group of setse. The ocellar arrangement 

 is also distinctive. 



Aegeriidce. — The only species of this family to be included here is 

 Melittia satyriniformis, the squash-vine borer. The arrangement of 

 hooks on the prolegs is distinctive (Fig. 11, no. 6) but figures of the pro- 

 thorax, ocellar group and eight and ninth abdominal segments (Fig. 11, 

 nos. 4, 5, 7) are given as a contrast to the Tortricidse, to which this 

 family is closely related. 



Tortricidce. — Several species of this family have been reported from 

 various seeds and seed pods. The commonest genus found boring in 

 stems is Eucosma, some members of which form galls. I have several 

 species of this family which are as yet unidentified and figures of one of 

 these from ragweed, which may be a species of Eucosma, are given. 

 These (Fig. 11, nos. 8, 9) show the characteristic tortricid arrangement 

 of setse on the prothorax, also on the ninth abdominal segment. 

 Another type of arrangement of the setiE on the ninth segment is shown 

 in Fig. 11, no. 10. The ocellar arrangement (Fig. 11, no. 12) has been 

 fairly constant in the species studied. The hooks on the prolegs are 

 usually of two sizes but Fracker (lUinois Biological Monographs, Vol. 2, 

 No. 1) states that in some Tortricids they are all of one size. 



Gelechiidce. — The majority of the larvae of this family which live 

 in plant stems form galls, and may be identified by Dr. Felt's 

 excellent paper (N. Y. S. M. Bui. 200). The potato tuber moth, 

 Phthorimaea operculella, is one which does not form galls, and an 

 unidentified species of this genus has been taken many times in stems 

 of giant ragweed and Silphium. Metzneria lapella, found in the fruits 

 of burdock, and Sitotroga cerealella, the Angouraois grain moth, illus- 

 trate the type of gelechiid in which the prolegs are absent. The 

 arrangement of setse (Fig. 11, no. 13) will distinguish these larva? from 

 all others with the hooks of the prolegs arranged in a circle. Most of the 

 boring species examined had hooks of one size (Fig. 11, no. 14) but many 

 species in the familj^ have them hke the tortricids (Fig. 11, no. 11). 



(Ecophoridoe. — The commonest member of this family is the parsnip 

 webworm, Depressaria heracliana, which, after feeding in the flower 

 heads and among the seeds of various UmbeUifera?, and causing a 

 characteristic webbing of the umbel, bores down into the stalk and 

 pupates. The larvae are true gelechiids, and were at one time included 

 with them. Fracker remarks that "no satisfactory character has 

 been found to separate them" and uses the arrangement of the ocelli 

 which ho finds unsatisfactory. The setal arrangomont of D. hcracliaiia 

 is like that of tlie gelechiids (Fig. 11. no. 13) but it has prolog hooks of 

 three sizes. It is yellow with black spots around the setir, and tho 



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