292 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol, 12 



biological control of insect pests. There are, of course, many others 

 of lesser importance, such as the occurrence of ants in scale-infested 

 orchards, cases where the pest exists on a short-lived crop, etc., but 

 time will not permit of their being mentioned, nor the discussion of 

 the others in detail. This brief outline will perhaps, however, give 

 some idea of the several factors which will influence, either favorably 

 or unfavorably, attempts to put the biological method into practice. 



This type of pest control has already been put to practical use in 

 a limited way in California, and has proven to be a complete success. 

 The citrus mealy-bug, which has been one of the most difficult to 

 control of all the citrus pests, has been brought into complete subjec- 

 tion in several orchards in southern California, through the continued 

 liberation of large numbers of entomophagous insects, principally 

 Cryptolaemus montrouzieri. These were in part reared by the State 

 Insectary, by the use of the potato sprout method developed by the 

 writer, and in part collected in orchards where they had become 

 abundant late in the season. One cannot, of course, conclude from 

 this that the method will prove equally successful against other pests, 

 but it does indicate that, where conditions are favorable, results may 

 be obtained which will go far toward bringing about economy in pest 

 control. 



The discussion of this paper was led by Mr. R. S. Woglum and J. D. 

 Neuls. 



Chairman H. J. Quayle: The next paper entitled "Observations 

 on Some Mealy-Bugs" will be read by the Secretary in the absence of 

 the author Mr. G. F. Ferris: 



OBSERVATIONS ON SOME MEALY-BUGS (HEMIPTERA; 



COCCIDAE) 



By G. F. Ferris, Stanford University, Cal. 



The following notes have to do for the most part with certain 

 species which are already of economic importance or may be regarded 

 as awaiting only a favorable opportunity to become so. 



1. The proper name of the " Citrophilus " mealy-bug. Unfortu- 

 nately the name, Pseudococcus citrophilus, given by Claussen to this 

 pernicious species cannot stand, for the species had been described 

 only a few months before by Mr. E. E. Green^ as Pseudococcus gahani, 

 from specimens taken from Rihes sanguinea in London, England. 



1 Green, E. E., Ent. Mon. Mag., 51: 179; pi. 16, figs. 4r-5. (May, 1915.) 



