April, '12] GRASSHOPPER DISCUSSION ,119 



F. L. Washburn : Well, you want to get do\^^^ two or three inches, 

 don't you, about that? I should think it might do. 



T. J. Headlee: Mr. Chairman; I desire to comment a httle on 

 this subject, basing my remarks on work carried on in this line in 

 Western Kansas last summer. We found the same injurious species 

 that Mr. Washburn describes in Minnesota. We experienced so 

 much trouble with the canvas back of the hopperdozer through the 

 hoppers catching hold of the cloth and springing away unharmed, that 

 we substituted oil cloth witii the slick side toward the pan. We tested 

 Criddle mixture, bran mash and the sodium arsenite spray. Our 

 problem was mainly one of preventing the hoppers from moving from 

 native pastures or freshly cut alfalfa into adjacent cultivated fields. 

 For this purpose we find the poisoned bran mash broadcasted each 

 morning over a protective strip along the edge of the field most satis- 

 factory. Criddle mixture prepared by the usual formula was relatively 

 unsatisfactory. Poisoned bran mash, made by mixing 20 pounds of 

 bran dry with one pound of Paris green and bringing the poisoned 

 bran to a stiff mash by adding three and one half gallons of water to 

 which the juice and pulp of three or four oranges finely chopped have 

 been added, has proven more satisfactory than that made according 

 to the usual formula. The poisonous spray at the strength used by 

 the Central South African Locust Bureau killed the hoppers but was 

 unsatisfactory because when dissolved by showers it very seriously 

 damaged the vegetation on which it had been placed. 



F. L. Washburn: What strength was that, Mr. Headlee? 



T. J. Headlee: That is the strength recommended by the Central 

 South African people. 



F. L. Washburn: We found that under no conditions did we 

 injure the grain as we used it. 



T. J. Headlee: I think that is a very important discovery. 



A Member: I noticed, Mr. Chairman, that you stated it was not 

 necessary to spray the whole field, but that you do "checker board" 

 spraying. 



F. L. Washburn: That is when the hoppers are young and they 

 are bound to get on to it. Small checker work, j'ou understand, — 

 not a big square. 



A Member: You spray then what percentage of the actual field? 



F. L. Washburn: Possibly not more than twentj^-five per cent. 



M. H. Swenk: Mr. Chairman, I note on the programme that 

 Professor Bruner is down for a discussion on this subject, and he ex- 

 pected to be present, but events transpired that prevented, and I 

 take this opportunity to express his regrets in the matter and extend 

 his greetings to you. 



