154 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 5 



entire tree and especially to hit the tips of the young apples with the 

 poison. The apparatus was a good type and in each instance belonged 

 to the owner of the orchard, he also providing the men. Each plot 

 consisted of approximately 42 trees, six trees in a row one way and 

 seven in a row the other way, the central six being the actual experi- 

 mental trees. The work the present season was limited to testing 

 the value of one application made just after the blossoms fall, com- 

 pared with another plot which received in addition, a second spraying 

 three weeks later, a third plot receiving in addition to the two spray- 

 ings mentioned above, another the last of July. A fourth plot was 

 given but one application about three weeks after the blossoms fell. 

 There were, in addition, check trees. These latter, two in number, 

 were placed between or near those of the four trees or thereabouts 

 representing plot 4, this being the only exception from the arrangement 

 of plots outlined above. 



The experiments in series 1 were conducted in the young orchard 

 of Mr. W. H. Hart near Poughkeepsie. It is located on a moderately 

 high hill, the trees being thrifty, about seventeen years old, 18 to 20 

 feet high and 30 feet apart. All of the experimental and barrier 

 trees were Baldwins, the former being carefully selected for uniformity 

 in size, fruitage and infestation. The fact that there was a variation 

 of only about 4,000 apples in the yield of the six experimental trees 

 of three plots, shows a fair degree of uniformity. The spray applied 

 consisted of 7h lbs. of GrasselU's arsenate of lead (15% arsenic 

 oxide) and 4| gals, of a concentrated lime-sulphur wash (31° Baume) 

 to each 150 gallons. The pressure was maintained at from 150 to 160 

 pounds. The spraying was from the ground, the hose being tied to 

 long bamboo rods and the nozzles were of the later Friend type with 

 apertures which had been worn somewhat by earlier work with a lime- 

 sulphur wash and the spray was therefore rather coarse. The first 

 application, made May 18, required only 150 gallons for 59 trees. 

 The second spraying was given June 8 and the third July 26. 



The experiments outlined above in series 1 were duplicated under 

 series 2 in the orchard of Mr. Edward Van Alstyne at Kinderhook, 

 the trees being older, somewhat more crowded and therefore not so 

 easily sprayed. Plot 1 consisted of greenings, the others were all 

 Baldwins. There was a greater variation in the yield from the six 

 experimental trees of the thVee plots, this being about 14,000 apples. 

 The treatment was substantially the same as in the preceding series, 

 except that lead arsenate (15|% arsenic oxide) manufactured by the 

 Interstate Chemical Company was used at the rate of 15 lbs. to 250 

 gallons of water and a concentrated home-made lime-sulphur wash 

 (27° Baume) was used at the rate of 1 gallon to 25 of the spray. The 



