156 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 5 



ination of the data relating to end wormy apples shows an interesting 

 condition; in series 1, plot 1 there were 31; plot 2, 8; plot 3, 19; 

 plot 4, 281 and on the check trees 545. It will be noted that the 

 decrease in wormy apples resulting from the various sprayings is very 

 largely in the end wormy, while the poor" results following the one 

 late spray must be attributed in considerable measure to failure in 

 destroying the young caterpillars entering the blossom end of the 

 apple. The large number of end wormy on the check trees gives an 

 idea of the insect's preference for this point of attack. This is even 

 better illustrated in the data for series 2. Plot 1 has 42 end wormy; 

 plot 2, 107; plot 3, 83; plot 4, 2,000, while the check trees produced 

 2,997. 



Incidentally, it may be well to call attention to a development in 

 the spraying of plot 1, series 1. The day was showery and spraying 

 of the actual experimental trees of this plot was finished by 1.46. 

 A sprinkling of rain began a minute before and was rather lively before 

 the work was completed at 1.46, the rain stopping at 2 p. m. The 

 leaves at this time were partly flooded but there was no marked drip- 

 ping. A subsequent examination of the experimental trees showed 

 that in plot 2, sprayed some 10 minutes before the rain began to fall, 

 there was very little or no washing, while in plot 1 those trees which 

 had been completed just a few minutes before or at the beginning of 

 the shower showed some washing, though this was hmited largely to 

 the carrying of the poison to the lower edge of the leaf where it settled 

 in large drops. There was very little dripping and probably nothing 

 was washed from the blossom ends of the young fruit. Despite the 

 fact that the spraying of one experimental tree in plot 1 was completed 

 in the beginning of a brisk shower, there was no marked variation in 

 the percentage of sound fruit, the record of the various trees of this 

 plot ranging from 99.11 to 99.41. 



It is impossible, after scrutinizing the above figures, to escape the 

 conviction that the first spraying within a week or ten days after the 

 blossoms fall, is by all odds the most important so far as preventing 

 wormy apples or controlling the codling moth is concerned. Mani- 

 festly, under the conditions obtained in series 1 and 2, the benefits 

 resulting from the second and third applications are comparatively 

 slight and of themselves would hardly justify additional treatment, 

 unless it be advisable to spray for fungous diseases of one kind or 

 another. 



A study of the data obtained during the three years this investiga- 

 tion has been in progress, shows that a single spray gave averages for 

 the various plots from 82.08 to 99.26% of sound fruit, or an average 

 of 97.23% for the three years, if comparisons are made between an 



