262 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 5 



Barbados — From material sent by Mr. Ballou through the courtesy 

 of the Honourable Commissioner of Agriculture for the West Indies, 

 I have reared Arrhenophagus sp., Azotus sp., and Signiphora sp., 

 besides Aspidiotiphagus citrinus and Aphelinus fuscipennis. The 

 Signiphora seems the same as the Peruvian species that I reared at 

 Lima, and which has recently been found at work on the scale here, 

 probably as the result of our introductions. 



Ceylon — Material sent by Mr. E. Ernest Green furnished an 

 abundance of ProspalteUa berlesei, and some Aphelinus diaspidis. 



Hawaii — Material from Mr. Edward M. Ehrhorn furnished Aspi- 

 diotiphagus citrinus, and what is probably Aphelinus inytilaspidis. 



Trinidad— Material from Mr. F. W. Urich showed only Aspidioti- 

 phagus citrinus. 



Practically all of the determinations of parasites mentioned in this 

 paper were made by Dr. L. O. Howard, whose kind assistance I here 

 acknowledge. 



Several other parasites have been reared from lots of the scale in 

 Piura, but they are of rare occurrence and have not yet been positively 

 connected with the host. Some are mymarids and probably egg- 

 parasites, and others may have come from weevil larvae within the 

 cotton stalks bearing the scale. They need further investigation. 

 A host of species of micro-hymenopterous parasites occurs throughout 

 Peru, many of which may be made use of to fight the scale. Many 

 lots of various scales containing such parasites have been used as 

 vehicles and brought from Lima for the liberation of the parasites 

 here. Others have been brought from the United States, Barbados 

 and Japan,through the courtesy of the respective official entomologists 

 of those countries, and the parasites liberated here. Only the Bar- 

 bados shipment consisted of H. minor as a vehicle, the Japanese and 

 United States shipments using Diaspis pentagona. The Lima ship- 

 ments used various species of Diaspis and close allies. These have 

 to some extent borne fruit. Li addition systematic shipments of 

 parasite material using H. minor as a vehicle have been made for 

 two seasons between different points in the whole region of the Piura 

 and Chira valleys, for the purpose of distributing the various species 

 of parasites as evenly as possible over the whole area. With all these 

 facts borne in mind, it needs to be emphasized that all our varied 

 resources in this line appear as yet to be quite confined to the possi- 

 bilities of the hum.id season alone. 



It remains now to make the final statement of the outlook. Evi- 

 dently we need here an enemy of the scale that will persist in a state 

 of high activity during the hot and dry season. Such enemy is not 

 yet in sight. But it would seem probable that the sunburned ex- 



