322 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOxMOLOGY [Vol. 5 



the immediate neighborhood of the above case. It is interesting to 

 note that nearly all of these cases were distributed along the main 

 artery of traffic between Woburn and Lowell, and situated either on 

 or near enough to the main thoroughfare to be within easy fly distance 

 of it — that is, if biting flies are shown to be carriers of the infection, 

 it is not unreasonable to suppose that infected flies may have followed 

 horses or have been carried on vehicles coming from Woburn into 

 Lowell. The distance of the cases from the main thoroughfare was 

 not in excess of their ordinary range of flight. In several other cases 

 animals were discovered, but no sickness among them. The father 

 of one case, a milkman, delivered milk in a family where a case later 

 developed. 



Westford. Population approximately 3,000. 



Westford is in Middlesex County on the Boston and Maine Railroad, 

 six miles southwest of Lowell and 33 miles northwest of Boston. It 

 is composed of six smaller villages whose population is engaged mainly 

 in agriculture. 



Only one case occurred here, on a small farm situated in a district 

 with sparse rural population, giving an incidence of .33 per 1,000. 

 ]\Iosc}uitoes were present and also Stomoxys in the patient's bedroom 

 and upon the front door screens and exterior of the house. 



WiNCHENDON. Population approximately 6,000. 



Winchendon is in Worcester County, situated on the Miller River, 

 18 miles northwest of Fitchburg and 36 miles north by west of 

 Worcester. It contains three villages, and, although in part quite 

 thickly populated, is entirely destitute of any system of closed munici- 

 pal sewers. It is principally engaged in the manufacture of wooden- 

 ware, toys, cotton goods and wood-working machinery. 



Only a single case occured here, several miles from the town on the 

 country highways between AVinchendon and Royalston. Since that 

 time a case has developed in the latter town, but has not yet been 

 investigated by us. The house Avhere the child was taken sick is in a 

 very rural district, just across a small brook from an establishment 

 where old rags are sorted for use in a shoddy mill. The premises 

 were very dirty and unsanitarj^, and suffering from a plague of mos- 

 quitoes and flies, both house flies and Stomoxys. Near the house was 

 a large depression, previously dry for some years, but this season 

 dammed and filled with water. 



Fall River. Population approximately 119,000. 



Fall River, which is in Bristol County, is an important railroad 

 centre, and also a port of entry which thus suggests a possible importa- 



