August, '22 



herrick: maple case bearer 



287 



ready, it cuts these strands and walks out on the leaf where it 

 dexterously turns the case over. 



The Pupa 



The pupae are light yellowish-brown in color tapering strongly to 

 a point at the posterior end (Fig. 14). The larger ones (females?) 

 are 4 mm. in length. The smaller ones (males?) 

 average about 3|mm. in length. The appendages of 

 the thorax and head are free and not glued to the 

 body. On the dorsal side of the body there is a 

 transverse row of short, stiff, brown, backward point- 

 ing spines on the 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 abdominal 

 segments. There are also two conspicuous filaments 

 projecting forward from the head. 



The pupal case consists of four oval pieces, two larger 

 outside pieces and two smaller inside ones. The two 

 inner pieces are quite thickly lined with silk on the 

 inside and between these layers the pupa is ensconced. 

 The edges of the inner pieces of leaves are tightly 

 fastened together with silk but an opening is apparently 

 left at the anterior end of the cocoon as an exit for 

 the pupa when it transforms to a moth. The large 

 outer top piece of the case is loosely fastened and 

 often falls off in handling. The larvae, in 1920 evi- 

 dently transformed sometime during the month of 

 October for on Nov. 2 when a box of leaves from Deposit were 

 examined only pupae could be found. 



The Moth 



The moth has a wing expanse of about one-half an inch, some in- 

 dividuals exceeding this slightly and some not quite reaching it. The 

 front wings and thorax are of an iridescent steel-blue color with 

 a purple reflection while the hind wings are pale-brown and bordered 

 with a fringe of long hairs. The fore wings are pointed and each bears 

 a fringe of hairs on the outer third on both the front and hind margins. 

 The head bears a tuft of bright orange-yellow hairs and the abdomen 

 is dark -brown while the legs are whitish. 



Seasonal History 



The moths emerge from the pupae among the fallen leaves during 

 May and deposit their minute eggs in the leaves. These hatch in a 

 few days and the young larvae begin mining in the tissues between 



Fig. 14. Pupa of 



Paraclemensia acer- 



ifoliella. ventral 



view 



