April, '08] JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 131 



that this occurs in nature. Feeding marks of the larvae may, however, 

 be readily found upon the foliage. It is evident therefore that the 

 spray upon the foliage must affect the young larvae. In 1906 eggs 

 just ready to hatch were placed in the calices of apples and were 

 bagged. Seven larvae averaged 31.7 days in the apples. In 1907, sim- 

 ilar experiments showed from 30 to 35 days spent in the apple, but 

 the records were not as accurate. In 1906 no larvte were observed to 

 transform to pupa3 and moths of the second brood during the summer, 

 owing to the fact that the bands were not put on the trees earlier, but 

 in 1907 pupge were found under the bands, on August 8, the first moth 

 emerging August 12 and moths continuing to emerge to August 23, in 

 all 19 emerging, the most appearing on the former date. There was 

 no increase in the number of larvae under the bands at this time, but 

 the number of larvse found under the bands increases gradually from 

 this time on. It is evident, therefore, that the first larvae to mature 

 transform to the second brood and it seems quite probable from a hasty 

 study of the temperature records, that this is due to the fact that they 

 are able to mature during the hottest part of the summer and that the 

 later larvae are not subject to so high temperatures. The number 

 transforming and forming the second brood of moths is, however, ex- 

 ceedingly small, certainly not over 1% of the total. 



We have been unable to secure very satisfactory data concerning the 

 eggs of the second brood, but careful examination has failed to show 

 them upon the apples. The second brood larvae hibernate over winter 

 and most of them can be readily detected by the small size and narrow 

 head, but none of those partly grown transform in the spring. 

 Whether a majority of the second brood mature in the faU is an open 

 question. We have evidence that some of them undoubtedly do, but 

 on the other hand we find a large number of the small hibernating 

 larvse which fail to transform in the spring. 



In 1906 an elaborate spraying experiment conducted on 67 trees, 

 there being 5 trees in each of 12 plots and 7 checks, practically failed 

 to give any satisfactory results on account of the method in which the 

 plots were laid out. The plots were arranged as shown in Fig. 3, the 

 check trees being at one side of those sprayed. On either end of the 

 sprayed plots were a few trees which had borne the previous year, but 

 which were not in bearing in 1906. The Baldwin apple has a habit 

 in New England of bearing every other year and all of the experi- 

 ments here described were on Baldwins. As a result of the spraying, 

 trees near those which had borne the previous year showed very much 

 more injury by the first brood than those at the center of the sprayed 

 plot more distant from them. As no barrier plot had been laid off 



