June, '08] JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 187 



secured by overhead irrigation, since his neighbors suffered as in 

 other years. Mr. Hartung's pipes are about 8 feet above the ground, 

 36 feet apart and the jets from the pipes are 4 feet apart. This re- 

 sult, and the attendant benefits of irrigation, seem to make this treat- 

 ment worthy of testing by large market gardeners. For the ordinary 

 kitchen garden, the most satisfactory treatmenf tried by me, from the 

 view-point of good, healthy radishes, reasonably free from maggots, 

 was a liberal application of tobacco dust every five or six days during 

 the growing period, commencing as soon as the plants were through 

 the ground. 



The Hessian fly has dropped so nearly out of sight that careful 

 search must be made to find it at all. I have not observed the chinch 

 bug and only one or two correspondents have referred to it during 

 the season. The wheat joint- worm has also decreased in numbers, not 

 ha\ang been the subject of one half as many inquiries as were re- 

 ceived regarding it last year. 



The grape-berry worm has decreased considerably in the grape re- 

 gion along the lakes, but has become more injurious in the interior 

 sections where the small, home vineyards are found. I repeated the 

 experiments recorded in Circular 63, getting practically the same 

 results. We used a traction sprayer fitted with 10 nozzles and throw- 

 ing about 170 gallons of spray per acre. A double application with 

 this machine — the Wallace — was very nearly equal to thorough hand 

 work. A check row that was sprayed three times with Bordeaux, 

 containing no poison, had 58% of the berries wormy and yielded 

 marketable fruit at the rate of 1,798 pounds per acre. One-half of 

 this check row was sprayed during the latter part of July by hand, 

 with arsenate of lead in Bordeaux, with a resin soap sticker added, 

 and this half of the row had 2.9% of wormy berries and yielded mar- 

 ketable grapes at the rate of 5,608 pounds per acre. This plot had the 

 lowest percentage of wormy berries of any in the tests, but lost too 

 many young grapes in the early part of the season to equal in total 

 harvest some of the plots that received earlier applications of poison. 

 This plot proved, however, that the late July spraying is the most im- 

 portant of all, and that the later broods of the worm must be killed 

 or comparatively little benefit will be derived from the earlier appli- 

 cations. This result is a repetition of the experience of last season 

 regarding late spraying. A plot, hand-sprayed three times with Bor- 

 deaux, arsenate of lead, and resin soap sticker, had 3% of wormy 

 berries and yielded at the rate of 6,031 pounds of marketable grapes 

 per acre. The grapes of this plot had too much spray adhering to 

 them at harvest time, and it will be necessary to sacrifice some grapes 



