June, 'OSl JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 213 



Scurfy scale Chionaspis furfura Fitch. 



Sheep tick Melophagus ovinus L. 



Silkworm Boiubjjx mori L. 



Spring canker-worm PaleofHta vernata Peck. 



Squash borer Melittia satyrinifonnis Hbn. 



Squash-bug Aitasa tristis DeG. 



Stable fly Sfomoxys calcitrans L. 



Stalk borer Papaipema nitela Gueu. 



Strawberry ci'own-borer Tyloderma fragariae Riley. 



Strawberry leaf-roller Aucylis comptana Frohl. 



Strawberry weevil Aiithoiionius sigii(ituf< Say. 



Striped blister-beetle Epicauta vittata Fab. 



Tarnished plant-bug Lygus pratennis L. 



Tomato-worm Phlencthontms sexia Job. 



Turkey gnat Simulliim meridionale Riley. 



Variegated cutworm Peridroma saucia Hbn. 



Vagabond crambus Crambus vulgivageUus Clem. 



"Walking-stick Diapheromera feinorata Say. 



Walnut case-bearer Mineola juglaiulis LeB. 



Walnut-sphinx Cressonia juylandis S. & A. 



Wheat-head army-worm '. . . . .Heliophila alhilinea Hbn. 



Wheat midge Contarinia tritici Kby. 



White-lined sphinx Deilephila lineata Fab. 



Yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor L. 



Yucca-moth Pronuba yuccmella Riley. 



Zebra-caterpillar Mamestra picta Harr. 



TICK-BORNE DISEASES AND THEIR ORIGIN 



By Nath.\x B.\XKS. Washington, D. C. 



Texas or splenetic fever was first described as a disease of cattle in 

 this country by Dr. J. Pease about 1795 from an outbreak at Lancas- 

 ter. He concluded that it was due to an importation of cattle from 

 North Carolina. Gradually it was discovered that when Southern cat- 

 tle were brought north in summer, northern cattle along the route 

 would sicken and die, while northern cattle taken south also contracted 

 the disease, although the southern cattle generally remained in good 

 health. 



It had long been known to cattle-raisers in the southern states that 

 cattle dying from Texas or Spanish fever were infested with ticks, 

 and it was therefore quite natural for them to attribute the disease 

 to the tick. Veterinarians, however, did not believe it. and Gamgee, 

 in his extensive report on the diseases of cattle (1869), argued against 

 the supposed connection. In 1890 Dr. P. Paquin considered the tick 

 as one agent in transmission, but he had little actual evidence. In 

 1889 Dr. F. L. Kilborne of the Bureau of Animal Industry, thought 



