144 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 1 



growth of buckwheat planted for winter protection. The plot had 

 been infested with leaf hoppers earlier in the season, and a few were 

 still in evidence. Every portion of the bark of several trees was 

 examined most thoroughly with a hand lens without result, but on a 

 few petioles slight discolorations, accompanied in each case by an ele- 

 vation of the epidermis, were found. These were so small that they 

 were hardly visible to the naked eye, and were for the most part lo- 

 cated on the side of the petiole, and on the half nearest the leaf. One 

 was found on the under side of the mid- rib. Empoasca larvse were 

 found on the above trees, and the spots on the petioles were, according 

 to Ainslie, the only abnormal thing about the trees. 



The buckwheat growing amongst these trees was also examined, and 

 two similar discolored swellings found on petioles. At this date there 

 were very few Empoasca on the trees, but they were numerous on the 

 buckwheat. Dissection of some of this material on November 9, pre- 

 served in alcohol since September 19, and not in very good shape, dis- 

 closed nothing of which we can speak definitely. 



While^ we have found no actual pfoof, showing the locaticm of the 

 eggs of the summer broods, it seems probable that they are laid on 

 leaf or petiole, as is the case with Typhlocyha comes. As if in cor- 

 roboration of Dr. Forbes' observation, Mr. Webster found on the 

 under side of an apple leaf a swelling similar to that in which the 

 winter eggs were found on the bark. This was found September 4th, 

 and was the only one discovered. The swelling was .5 mm. long, 

 slightly brownish in color, with a slit in one end. I propose during 

 the coming summer to obtain some light upon this phase of the sub- 

 ject, and also upon the date of egg laying by the last brood in the fall. 



Insectary records of the stages of Empoasca show a record of from 

 nineteen to twenty-five days as nymphs, and five nymphal stages be- 

 tween egg and adult. It was practically impossible for us to deter- 

 mine the length of each instar exactly, but it may be safely said that 

 the first brood nymphs have longer instars than those in the follow- 

 ing broods. The average lengths of individuals in the successive 

 nymphal stages are as follows : First stage, .8mm. ; second, 1.3 mm. ; 

 third, 1.7 mm. ; fourth, 2.1 mm. ; fifth, 2.4 mm., and the adult 3.1 mm. 



Mr. Webster reports observing these hoppers hopping in the last 

 nymphal stage, in several instances leaping a distance of over a foot. 



1 Owing to an unfortunate duplication of matter, pages 143 and 144 have been 

 reprinted so they can be inserted in corrected form when binding the volume. 

 Prof. Washburn kindly supplied tJie above paragraph to fill an awkward vacancy. 



