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JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 1 



be on the look-out for these insects. Wherever badly infested dead 

 or dying trees were cut down and burned last winter and the other 

 trees thoroughly sprayed in the spring with lime-sulphur or an oil- 

 wash, there was no damage this year until August, when swarms of 

 beetles again appeared. The necessary breeding grounds were prob- 

 ably provided in the many dead trees to be found within a radius of 

 a few miles. Dr. Felt cited cases of Scolytids having been reported 

 migrating for several miles in large swarms. Something of this 

 nature appears to be what has taken place in the Niagara district. 



The Apple Maggot (Bhagoletis pomonella) occupied considerable 

 attention. It is not, however, widespread in Ontario, and though 

 present for several years in considerable numbers in Prince Edward 

 County and several neighboring districts along the shore of Lake 

 Ontario, it does not seem to have spread to any known appreciable 

 extent during this time. 



The Lesser Apple- Worm {Enarmonia pninivora) had been re- 

 ported by several orchardists as doing much damage to their apples 

 and a considerable amount of supposedly infested fruit had been for- 

 warded to be examined. Only a small percentage, however, of the 

 injuries could, with any degree of certainty, be charged against this 

 insect. It seems, nevertheless, to be present to at least some extent 

 in very many orchards in different parts of the province. 



Another subject of much interest briefly discussed was the ''Mal- 

 formations of Apples and Pears due to Insects." Specimens of work 

 of the Plum Curculio on Apples were exhibited and also of some 

 unknown sucking insect on Snow apples from British Columbia. 

 This injury, according to the sender of the fruit, had been warded 

 off from his own orchard to a very large extent this year by the use 

 of lime-sulphur, whereas the neighboring orchards where Bordeaux 

 instead had been used were as severely attacked as last year. The 

 cause of another class of distortion on apples and pears not uncommon 

 in Ontario orchards was debated. Some attributed the irregular 

 depressions and knotty appearance of such fruit to a culculio, others 

 were just as firmly convinced that it was a sucking insect that was to 

 blame. The discussion brought out very clearly the need of much 

 further careful investigation of such injuries. 



The Oyster-shell Scale {Lepidosaphes uhni) was another topic. 

 This is one of the worst pests in Ontario orchards. Farmers are at 

 least aware of the need of combatting it. In addition to the common 

 practice of using either a double application of whitewash on the trees 

 in the fall or kerosene emulsion when the larvae are running, a number 

 of farmers in Ontario County claimed excellent results during the last 

 two years from spring applications of Gillet's Lye. 



