Jane 12, 1873. ] 



JOURNAL OP HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



479 



Harley. he, J. Nelson. Any othrr varic/jf.—l. J. Brown. Spfchill. 2, Pickering 

 and Duggleby. 3, — Drysilule. Lontrhirst Colliery, c, J. Brougb. 



Hamdubghs.— GoWc;i-«iJi"!j/'''^— 1, Cup, jind 2, H. Beldon. 3. G. Holmes, 

 Great Driffield. lsHvcr-i*imii<jied—l and 2, H. Beldon. 3, ti. Holmes, he, G. 

 TarnbuU; R. Moore. 



Bi.:iiuvnGas.— Golden-i)cncilhd.~l and 2, H. Beldon. 8. G. Kidson, Norby, 

 Tbirsk, he. Miss Elliott c, T. Jordan, Longborsley. Silfer-i)encilUd.—l and 



2, H. Beldon. 3, G. HolmeB. he. D. Cbeyne. c, K. Moore. 



Guinea Fowls. — 1, B. B. Blackwell. 2, Mrs. Robson. 3, Countess of 

 Tankerville. 



Anv other Variety except Bantams.— 1. H. Beldon. 2, R. Hawkins, Sea- 

 ham. 3 and c, Misd Wilson. 



Bantams.— Cocfc.—l, F. steel. Halifax. 2. J. Dout^lass, North Seaton Colliery. 



3. E. Rutherford. Bedliii^'tun Collieiv. Bcn.—l, R. Nesbltt. 2, F. Steul. 3, G. 

 Hall, Kendal, he, E Walker; J. Nelson. 



Game BANTXMs.—Black-brctiHtd ami other Reds.—l and Cup, G. Hall. 2, F. 

 Steel. 3, W. Davison, /le, J. Nelson, c. ci^. Bell. Any otkcrvarietj/.—UT. and 

 J. Robson. 2, F. Steel. 3, A. Frew, Kirkcaldy, he, E. Rutherford ; Rwss and 

 Pyle 



Bantam s.— .-In?/ other variety except Game.— I, H. Beldon. 2, A, Frew. 8. J. 

 Neasham. he. G. Holmes. 



DvcKs.—A)fksburii.—l. T. Carver. 2, W. Stonehouse. 3, Miss F. Wilson. 

 iJoue?t.— 1, Cup. and3, Miss F. Wilson. 2.J. Nelson, /ic, T. Carver. Any other 

 variety.— \ and 3, W. Binns, Pudsev, Leeds. 2, F. E. Schotiel'i. 



TURKEVS.— Cni^fc —1 and 2, Miss F. Wilson. 3, M. Kew. Market Overton. 



Sellinci Class.— l.W. Swann. 2 and /ic. H. Bel.ion. 3 MissF. Wilbon. he, 

 C. Gibson ; J. Parkinson ; W. Harle ; — Mason. Hen or Duck.—l, M. Aykroyd. 

 2, H. Beldon. 3. J. J. Waller, he, H. Beldon ; W. Ja-:gs. Bl.vth. 



CoTTAGBRS — Game. — 1, R. Sharpe. 2, T. Yonntr. 8, J. Stark, he. G. 

 Taylor. Hainhumlis. — I and 2, G. Stnlker. 2, J. Wilson, c, D. Cheyne. 

 Any other variety exeept Bantams.— 1, A. Oliver. 2, J. Webster, 3, R. Parsons. 

 he. J. Mills ; M. Cooley. 



B^iiTAias.— Any variety.— 1, J. Young. 2, W. Bell, Eedlington. 3, J. Short, 

 Bedlington. 



PIGEONS. 



Carriers.— 1, G. Sadler. 2, Thompson ^ Simpson. Wideopen. he. H. Yardley. 

 Birmingham. c.Lord A. Cecil. Woodhorn Manor; E. A. Ryott. Buteland. 



ToMBLERs.—l and 2. R. i£ J. Andersen vhc. TlK^mpson tS Simpson :— Blen- 

 kinaopp. Newcastle; W. Brydone ; R. Blacklock, Sunderland, c, Thompson 

 and bimpson. 



Pouters.— I, H. Simpson. 2, J. Bell, NewcaBtle-on-TjTie. he, H. Simpson; 

 Thompson & Simpson. 



Dragoons.— I. H. Yardley. 2, — Blenkinaopp. he, W. Harrison. 



Nuns.— 1, J. Watts. 2, H. O. Blenkinsopp. 



Owls —I, H. Yardley. 2, — Blenkiusopp. 



TnasiTS.- 1, J. Watts. 2. C. Laws. Newcastle. 



Barbs.— 1 and 2, — Blenkinsopp. he. H. Yardley. 



Jacobins.- 1, H. Yardley. 2, W. Brydone. he, — Blenkinsopp. 



Fantails.- 1, W. Brydone. 2, J. G. Luversidge, Newark, he, J. Kemp, Ha8- 

 linglen. 



Any Variety not Previodsly Mentioned.— 1, M. Orde, Sedgefield. 2, J. 

 "Watts, he, H. Yardley. c, R. Laws, Newcastle ; R. BlacklocK. 



Selling Class.— 1, Thompson & Simpson. 2, W. Brydone. he, A. Frew, c, 

 R. Blacklock; W.J. Donkin, Newcastle. 



CAGE BIRDS. 



Canaries.— BcZpf'an {Clear or Buff-ticked).— 1, R. Hawman, Middlesborouph. 

 .N'ortric/t (iJlear Yellow).- 1, T. Arkle, Budlington Station. 2, W. Ward, Cam- 

 bois Colliery, he, J . Baxter, Newcastle. Norivich (Clear Buff). — 1, W.Ward. 

 2, T. Arkle. Norwieh (Crested).- 1 and 2, J. Baxter. Glasgow Dnns— I, W. 

 Mattbewson.Broorabill CoIlie*'y. 2, J. Kerr, Pegswood Colliery, il/w/e'.t (Yellow). 

 1,R. Hawman. 2, H. Clarke. Mules (Buflf).— 1, R. Laws. 2 and he, K. Haw- 

 man. c, J. Baxter. Common — 1, J. Stuphens, Middlesborough . 2. W. Dawoon, 



Goldfinches.— 1, T. Curley. 2, T. Black, he, J. Baxter, c, J. Stephens. 



Linnets (Brown).— 1, J. Baxter. 2, J. Stephens, c, W. & C. Barmston, Mid- 

 dlesborough. ", 



Singing Birds (Any other variety).—! and c, "W. & C. Barmston, 2 and he, 

 J. Baxter. 



Any other Variety Except Singing Birds.— 1, K. Pearcy, Bedlington. 2, 

 J. Young, e, J. Watson. 



Selling Class.- 1, J. Baxter. 2 and e, T. Curley. 



A Gold Medal awarded to the gainer of the greatest number of points in the 

 Pigeons was won by Mr. Bleokinaopp. 



Judges. — Poultri/ : Mr. A. Sutherland, Accrington. Pigeons : 

 Mr. F. Esquilaut, Brixton. Cage Birds : Mr. J. Wilson, Cram- 

 lington. 



LIMITING PRICES OF EXHIBITION PIGEONS. 



In endeavouring to deal with the question of the limiting 

 business it is not my intention to advocate such a system as has 

 been carried out, and which proved so disastrous at the late 

 Dublin Exhibition, but to suggest a mode of regulating the 

 entry fees that will prove beneficial both to exhibitors and the 

 funds of au exhibition also. My oxiiniou on the limiting prin- 

 ciple is in accordance with the many opinions on the subject 

 already given in your columns, and I think it impossible to fix a 

 sum, except in the Selling classes, to be agreeable to a majority 

 of exhibitors, and to be attended with the desired result. 



Evidently it is the wish of the fancy that the great monopoly 

 of prizes be prevented, yet at the same time none will, or can, 

 reasonably object to the best birds winning, however often they 

 may be shown. But when an exhibition is open to all, let us deal 

 ■with the question fairly, whether the exhibitor be a fancier, 

 breeder, or dealer, or, in another case, the committeeman with 

 his i'5 bird, or the true and high-class fancier with birds no 

 money would buy. 



I think the only way of settling the question is handicapping, 

 by making the entry fee on a sliding scale, so that birds which the 

 owner considers of merit (and those most likely to vrin) shaU pay 

 more for entrance than others of less value, and which a fancier 

 for various reasons has a desire to exhibit. The scale I have to 

 propose is in the following proportion, supposing the prizes be 

 205., 105., and 5s., with something in the shape of cups. 



Entrance Fees. 



For each entry the price not exceeding £5, 2s. per pen. 



„ „ „ £10, 3s. 



£30, is. „ 



„ „ any sum over £20, 5«. „ 



It is only necessary to provide au extra column for the entry 



fees, next to the price column, for readiness in arriving at the 

 correct amount of entry fees. 



The last rate provides for a prohibitory price for those birds 

 which the owners greatly desire to keep, and those who wish to 

 be careful of their entry money will put their birds in at the 

 least price for which they will part with them. In thiw way the 

 desired end will be accomplished — viz., in many cases the prize 

 birds will be placed at a price easily obtainable. By this means 

 prizetakers will be changing hands, and when next shown 

 will be another person's property; thus the prevention of 

 monopoly. 



By those extra chances to obtain good birds the general fancy 

 will visit shows more frequently, and so add to the funds. This 

 principle will also have a tendency to prevent the point-cup 

 swindles, as in the case of borrowing birds. For that purpose 

 the exhibitor (I will only call him so in this case) will find the 

 entrance fees a stopper for him, as borrowed birds are not to be 

 sold. 



I have been somewhat disappointed in not finding some re- 

 marks on my last subject — viz., " single-bird system." If it is 

 acknowledged as an established and thoroughly understood 

 thing, I can only say. Let it go ou in success already commenced ; 

 but I hope the general fancy will take the above matter up, and 

 that committees will adopt the j^roposed plan for their next ex- 

 hibitions, which will, with the already established principle of 

 single-bird exhibiting, make shows almost self-supporting. My 

 next notes will be on point cups. — Impabtiax. 



JUDGES OF PIGEONS. 



I WAS pleased to see Mr. Yardley's letter in your issue of May 

 22nd, so fully supporting Mr. Hewitt's views on the subject. As 

 a Pigeon exhibitor I am fully convinced that the greatest need 

 for reform is in the appointment of the judges. Often gentlemen 

 are appointed to adjutlicate who have never been large breeders 

 or exhibitors ; oftentimes gentlemen are so appointed who have 

 only kept one variety of Pigeon, and such a man cannot be 

 capable of judging twelve or more varieties of Pigeons. Again, 

 how often do we see committees appoint only one gentleman to 

 judge poultry and Pigeons ? In such a case can anyone give 

 satisfaction? Now that the question of Pigeon judging has been 

 raised by Mr. Yardley, and as that gentleman visits mauy shows 

 during the year, and is himself an acknowledged good judge, 

 perhaps he will name in your pages three or four of those whom 

 he considers to bo the best judges all round of Pigeons. 



I hope the matter will be taken up in a fair spirit by other 

 correspondents, so that it may be properly sifted before the show- 

 ing season commences. — A Lancashlre Fancier. 



The Sale of Game and Babbits. — According to a return to the 

 House of Lords, the licensed game-dealers last year in England 

 sold of game, 1,485,553; wild fowls, 536,254; Hares, 640,'293; 

 and 4,406,833 Rabbits. In the United Kingdom the game num- 

 bered 1,641,960 ; wild fowls, 5S0,386 ; Hares, 702,830 ; and Rabbits, 

 5,104,817. 



OUR LETTER BOX. 



Books {Fazhali).— Our " Poultry Book for the Many " will suit yon. You 

 can have it free by post if you enclose seven postage stamps with your 

 address. 



Hens Dropping THEra Eggs (Idevi).— Provide your fowls with some 

 laying boxes, and if they will not use them take away their perches for a 

 few nights. After they have corrected their evil ways you may restore the 

 perches. 



Leg- WEAKNESS— Chickens Dying (Owen).— Yon should tell us how your 

 fowls lodge and feed, and we might then, perhaps, find the cause of then: 

 ailments. The flooring of their houses, if of anything but earth, will cause 

 cramp. Insufficient or improper feeding will cause weakness, and that will 

 prevent them from standing up. The same causes may interfere with the 

 well-doing of the chickens, or the symptoms you name may be caused by paia- 

 sites. Your fowls should roost in a dry sheltered house with an earthen lloor. 

 They should be fed ou ground oats or barleymeal morning and evening, have a 

 midday feed of Indian corn, changed at times for kitchen scraps or oddH and 

 ends. Your cbickenB should have dough, bread and milk, chopped egg, cmd, 

 bread crumbs. 



Addled Egos (Negro Novo).— A clear egg— i.tf., one that has never been 

 impregnated, suffers no change from incubation. After some days the Korm 

 becomes developed in a fertile egg. At the end of live days the tirst appear- 

 ance of life is vit^ible if the egg is eiposed to a strong Ught. Development 

 takes place every day, and there is soon vitahty enough in the egg to bo sus- 

 ceptible of change from exposure, and consequent loss of necessary heat. It 

 is a sort of death, and the warmth that wouldbave nourished the chick causes 

 the embryo to decay. Corruption and gas follow, and the egg as a natural 

 consequence explodes. There is no method of ascertaining the condition of 

 the eggs till the chicks oie sufficiently developed to feel the influence *>( any 

 change. If they are then put in warm water, those that contain live chickens 

 dance a merry jig on the surface, while the bad ones make no sign. No egg 

 explodes that has not had the germ developed, and fruitful fresh eggs are not 

 injured by travelling. The weather this year has upset the philosophy of 

 mauy a practised hand. Morning frosts have chilled the eggs that were most 

 exposed, and these have burst. This may have happened thi-ee times in your 

 nest. Straw is better than hay for a nest. It dues not favour vermin as 



