July 4. IMS. 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



Miiioirs Ktanils beui« nsei by all the ixhibitoi-s, nuil in tlio first ami 

 stcoiidprize vasts, the stem of the stand was twined round with 

 Louicem auroo-ntiiuhita, the Rose; at tlio base and in the top dish 

 in ottfb iMVse, icstin'; on Ferns. Mr. In«K> was lirst, Mr. Marlow 

 .s.-iond, and Mr. H.'.i.^U'.v, TwWord Abhin-, third, Isoli'iiis Rracilis beiui; 

 employed by the last named in the top dish. In six bouimuts of as 

 many kinds.' Mr. Keynes was first. Mr. E. 1*. Fnineis seeond, Mr. HedRc, 

 third; and for Moss llosos, Messrs. Paul it Son were first, with, 

 among others, the White Bath and the Crested v.'rj- good. 



Roses in pots were not in good eoudition. Me,ssr!(. Paul took Mr. 

 Kelk's prize for those in sis-inch pots. 



Of niiseellaneous objoets Mr. VV. Paul sent a collection of Roses 

 raised by bin) from sied, or introduced by bini. consisting of Olorj- 

 and Beauty of Waltham. Ca>ur de I.ion. Lord Herbert, Prince de 

 Joinv-ille, Princess of Wales. Dr. Limlley. and Lord Mncanlay. all 

 different shades of crimson and scarlet ; (^ueen Victoria, delicate pink ; 

 Madame Emile Boyan, a very promising light Hybrid Perpetual ; and 

 Elizabctli Vigiuroii. lihiesbaded rose. Many of the above require no 

 counnent. their nierits being already ri'tognised. Messrs. .Taeluuan 

 sent uamcrous Mooms of their beautiful ik-w Clematises ; and Messrs. 

 Nnylor, glass and table ornaments. 



SYRINGING GRAPES. 



I r.EG leave to ilifl'or very much from your correspondent, 

 Mr. Whittle, le.specting the "syriugiug of fruiting Vines, unless 

 ualled for by some unusual occurrence, as red spiiler, making its 

 appearance : then Isay bynllmeansu.se the syringe freely for a 

 few days until it is all" washed off. Jly principal reason for not 

 syringing is, that it is impossible to do so without leaving a 

 mai-k on the ben-ies from a deposit in the water, wliicli quite 

 ^^poils their appearance for exliibitiou or table, where it is 

 necessary they should be perfection, not that it injures the 

 Vines in anyway, or does them any good, as is proved by the 

 fine Grapes exhibited at cnu- Loudon shows, without ever hav- 

 ing a drop of water throwai on them. I quite agree with his 

 remai-ks on stopping. — N. W. D. P. 



I'OLOUR AND SOUND. 



In all specimens of good colouring there is a key colour, 

 and that colom- predominates. In the histcu-ie pictures of the 

 old masters that colour is usually crimson or violet, and these 

 answer to G .and B, root notes, especially C, in the musical 

 scale. It is curious that Professor Saunderson, who was bom 

 blind, and had no conception of colour, said that he thought 

 i-ed must be like the sound of a trumpet. 



On this connection of music and colour a well-known man 

 of science some years ago wrote to us as follows : — 



" Takuig the seven colours of the rainbow as equivalent to 

 the seven notes of the natural musical scale, the order will 

 stand thus : — 



Red. Orange. Yellow. Green. Blue. Indigo. Violet. 

 C. D. E. F. G. A. B. 



The red here sounds the key colour of the prismatic series, 

 and corresponds to C, the root note of the musical scale in the 

 natural key. and both would of course be again repeated as the 

 octave or eighth degree of the gamut. Bed, then, must be just 

 as prominent in well-conceived pictiires as C in musical pieces 

 composed in that key ; and the remaining sounds and colours 

 have corresponding fiinctions in the two sciences. 



" Every oni' knows that, for the convenience of nuisicians, 

 the notes of the scale are both numbered and lettered — the 

 first seven letters of the alphabet and cardinal numbers being 

 used. Thus, in the key of A, the scale is numbered and 

 lettered as follows : — 



A. B. C. D. E. F. G. 

 1. 2. a. 4. .5. 6. 7. 



Now, it does not signify what note we may start from, for the 

 constitution of every key is the same, and only tlitfering in the 

 pitch being high or low, as the case may be. The key of C, 

 however, is chosen by musical men as a standard, and hence 

 called the natiual key. As such I shall adopt it in the present 

 notice. The order will then be as in tlie following table, to 

 which I also add the equivalent colours : — 



C. D. E. F. (t. a. B. C. (octave*) 



1. 2. 3. i. :,. fi. 7. 8. 



Ked. Orange. Yellow, tircen. Blue. Indigo. Violet. Red. 



" Now, in harmonising times composed in this key, four 

 grand chords are employed — that is, four combinations are 

 chosen out of these seven notes, and severally used when they 



• The first note, in effect, is repeated eight not'-'s higher, and hence 

 railed the octave. 



will apply as accompaniments to the notes of the subject or air. 

 These chords, then, in letters, numbers, and colours being 

 known, the scientific or artistic gardener may modify them, 

 invert them or change tlu'ir position, and alter the arrange- 

 ment of their fundamental constituents at his own pleasure. 

 The chords are as follows in their natural position : — 



I. THE COMMON CHOKU OF C I, llED. 



Natnrftl position. 

 5. G, blue 



3. E, vellow 

 1. C, ied 



II.- 

 Salural position. 



1. C, red 



t). A, indigo 



4. F, green 



IIL- 

 Natural position. 



2. D, orange 

 7. B, violet 



5. G, blue 



' First change. 

 1 1. C, red 



I 5. G, blue 



I 3. E, yellow 



THE COMMOX CHOnD OM 



First change, 

 ■t. F, green 

 1. C, red 

 6. A, indigo 



Second change. 



3. E, vellow 

 1. C, red 



5. G, blue 



F. 



Second chance. 

 G. A, indigo 



4. P, green 

 1. C, red 



BLrE. 



I Seeond change. 



7. B, violet 

 5. G, blue 

 2. D, orange 



COMMON CHORD ON G, 



I First change. 



5. G, blue 



2. D, orange 



7. B, violet 

 The fourth table may in the same manner be constructed en 

 the key of F, grecu." 



Now" all this was brought to memory by the wonderful 

 Handel Festival just concluded at tlie Crystal Palace. It was 

 objected that this Palace is not an appropriate place for 

 oratorios, but the retort was a silencer — "Music and flowers 

 are associated with our ideas of Pai-adise," and a lady added, " I 

 never hear the trumpet notes in ' Let the bright Seraphim," with- 

 out my eye resting unconsciously on some very bright colour." 

 There is, therefore, in cidtivated minds an association of 

 colom- with sound — a harmony between certain tints and 

 certain notes ; they may be, and are enjoyed together at the 

 musical celebration's in the Crystal Palace ; and the combina- 

 tion is not without applicability even to the gardener. " Optics 

 associated with Acoustics." might form the theme for an 

 additional chapter in " The Connection of the Physical 

 Sciences." 



VINE CULTURE. 



(Contiimed from Vol. VIII., pane 411.) 

 If all has gone on well, the Grapes will be done stoning by 

 this time ; all berries that are not likely to swell off kindly 

 should be cut away at once ; the temperatiu-e may be increased 

 a little, and a moist atmosphere maintained by frequently syring- 

 ing the floor and paths of the house. If the stopping of the 

 Vines has been carried out according to the directions given at 

 page 410, there will be suflicient leaves left on the Vine for all 

 purposes. All laterals that make their appearance should, 

 therefore, be pinched out as soon as they are produced, in 

 order that the whole force of the roots may be directed towards 

 the Vine for the purpose of giving it sufficient strength to 

 mature its present crop, and to provide for the crop of the 

 following year. If the laterals are allowed to extend beyond 

 the limits "before described, much of the strength of the Vine 

 will be wasted. From the time the Grapes have finished 

 stoning till they begin to colour, they should be well suppUed 

 with water twoor three times a-weeli, in such a dry season as 

 the present, and when water is given it shoidd not be with a 

 sparing hand. To give a Vine-border a small quantity of water 

 is worse than useless, better withhold it entirely. My plan is 

 to sprinkle a Utile guano over the border, on this the water is 

 pom-ed, not by scores of potfuls at a time, but by hundreds. I 

 generallv put" five or six men on with two pots each at one 

 watering, for a border Ho feet by 10 or 1.5 feet wide I use a 

 tank of water hokling about four thousand gallons. Between 

 the time of stoning and colouring I generally give my borders 

 about four such soakiugs as this, using a little guano each 

 time. Besides this, they are watered two or thi-ee times 

 weekly, as stated above. " From the time of stoning tiU the 

 Grapes begin to colour, avoid sudden changes of atmosphere 

 as much as possible. Give air as early in the morning .as 

 possible, by opening the top lights a Uttle to allow the foul air 

 to escape, and to diT the condensed steam that settles on the 

 fohage during the iiight. If this is neglected the foliage is 

 often bumed up by the sun. 



As a preventive is always better than a cure, paint the whole 

 of the hot-water pipes over with a thick coating of sulphur. If 

 this is mixed with a Uttle soft soap it will stick to the pipes 



