July i, 1865. 1 



JOURNAL OF HOBTICULTUKE AND COTTAGE GABDKNEB. 



13 



years siibscquently, the young labourer of 18s. a-wcek, and the 

 now gardener of 25.<. a-week, was often seen dining at tiic 

 Duke's table. — (J. Payne Colliek, in Notes and Qufyien.) 



NEW KAllLY PEAS. 



On the 7th of Fcbniiiry I sowed the following varieties : — 

 Dickson's First and Best Early, Sutton's Rinslender, Dilli- 

 . stone's Early Prolific, Sangster's No. 1, Daniel O'Koiirko, and 

 Maclean's Princess Koyal, and on the follnwiug day Dickson's 

 Early Favourite, Wonderful, and Maclean's Dwarf Prolific. 

 In consequence of a long period of severe weather which set iu 

 just after they were sown, it was at least seven weeks before 

 any of them appeared above gi-ound. and then iu the follow- 

 ing order : — 1st, Sutton's Ringleader, and Carter's First 

 Crop ; 2nd, Dickson's First and Best, and Dillistone's Early 

 ProUtic ; 3rd, Daniel O'Konrke ; 4th, Sangster's No. 1 ; the 

 other three Idnds coming through together a little after the 

 last named. The time occupied iu the Peas appearing above 

 gi-ound was from ten to twelve days. On the .5th of May, I 

 noted that Carter's First Crop, and Sutton's Kiugleader, were 

 in full bloom ; Dickson's First and Best Early was four days 

 later jjwhile Sangster's No. 1, and Daniel O'Roiirke, bloomed to- 

 gether about two days later tlian Dickson's. Dillistone's Early, 

 the seed of which was had direct from Mr. Dillistoue, of Sible 

 Hedingham, started off into a strong growth just as it was 

 coming into bloom, a very heavy rain having fallen a few days 

 previously. It reached the height of between 5 aud 6 feet, 

 came into bearing the last of all the early kinds, and produced 

 a good crop, but the pods were rather small, and as I grew it, 

 did not seem to present any special claims to favour. 



On the 1st of June, I gathered a good dish of Peas, the ma- 

 jority from Carter's Fii-st Crop, and Sutton's Ringleader, and 

 some from Dickson's First and Best Early ; from the last, two 

 days later, I was enabled to gather an abundant dish. Some 

 time after the Peas had been sown, I was informed by Messrs. F. 

 and A. Dickson & Sons, of Chester, that the seed of their First 

 and Best Early Pea, was of the crop of 1863 ; in fact, that all 

 they sent out, in the past spring, was of that harvest. I am, 

 therefore, of opinion, that when new seed of the First and 

 Best Pea can be sown against Cai'ter's and Sutton's, it will be 

 found quite as early, aud a much better cropper, as it really is. 



1 fully believe that the First Crop, aud Ringleader, are iden- 

 tical in every respect, and this is not only my own opinion, but 

 also that of aU others who saw them, and it was noticeable that 

 whereas Dickson's Pea was entirely free from " rogues," or 

 " stragglers," there was a number of them amongst the other 

 two vaineties. The three were grown in a good deep loam, well 

 manured last year for Onions, the average height being from 



2 to 2i feet. Sangster's No. 1, and Daniel O'Rourke, were 

 ready for gathering about a week later, and their good quahties 

 are too well known to need conuneut here. 



In succession to these came Dickson's Favourite, Princess 

 Koyal, Wonderful, and Maclean's Dwarf Prolific, all were in 

 bearing at the same time. Dickson's Favourite is a weU-known 

 tariety, an abimdant bearer, with long well-fiUed pods. It will 

 grow from 5 to 6 feet high. Princess Royal is a large, white, 

 lonnd, Marrow Pea, gi'owing about 3J feet in height, and an 

 abundant cropper, having large pods filled with fine Peas of good 

 flavour. Wonderful is similar to Princess Royal, excepting that 

 it is a white wrinkled Marrow, and scarcely so robust a grower. 

 Both of these are first-class Peas, and they deserve to rank Al. 

 in the seed catalogues. Maclean's Dwarf Prolific grows about 

 2i feet high, is an abundant cropper, rather smaller in the pod 

 than the other two, and not quite so hardy. I may mention, that 

 I grew Maclean's Advancer last year, and that I have this season 

 seen it growing in the garden of Sir W. Heathcote, Bart., M.P., at 

 Hursley, Hants, and while I admit its claims as a very early 

 wrinkled Man-ow, yet I find, tliat in southern localities at least, 

 it grows so dwarf, and crops so sparely, that I do not think it 

 can long hold its own. 



I am also gi-owing 'Veiteh's Perfection, Yorkshire Hero, 

 Hairs' Dwarf Mammoth, Prince of Wales, aud Lord Raglan, 

 but they are not yet sufiSciently advanced to make notes of at 

 present. I know from last year's trial that they are all ex- 

 cellent varieties. 



I should like to recommend, as best dwarf Peas for succession, 

 Diek.son's "First and Best Early,'' Sangster's No. 1, Princess 

 Boyal, Wonderful, Veitch's Perfection, and Lord Raglan. — Alex. 

 Sean, Maybush, Shirley, Sonthampton. 



WORK FOR THE WEEK. 



KITCnEN OAUnEN. 



TiiK weather during the past few days has in many parts of 

 tlic country been particularly favourable for planting out the 

 autunni and winter crops, which may have been delayed in 

 consequence (jf the pre\ious dry weather. Ili-iin.s, some Maza- 

 gans may yet )}C ]>ul in, which will produce late in the season 

 if the weather jirove favourable. Br<iccoli, Cape and Grange's 

 may now be planted where the early Peas have been removed ; 

 the main crops of the other sorts ■should be got iu as early as 

 possible. Cahharii', sow a little more seed, if the sowing we re- 

 commended last month has failed. Chervil, another sowing to 

 bo now made for succession. Cucumhcr", put in a few cuttings 

 or sow a little seed, so as to have a few plants to plant out for a 

 succession till Christmas. Continue to pay every attention to 

 those in frames ; they must have a liberal supply of water twice 

 a-week, and should be sprinkled every afternoon. Kiidirc, con- 

 tinue to plaul-out a few about once a-fortnight, to keep up a 

 succession ; another sowing should be made. Dwarf Kidney 

 Heans, the last principal sowing should now be made ; earth- 

 up the advancing crops. Leeks, those sov.-n in drills should be 

 thinned to a toot apart in rich ground, the thhanings will do to 

 plant out. Parsley, make a sowing, so as to have strong plants 

 by the winter. Peas, earth-up and stick the advancing crops ; 

 a few more may be sown, which will come into bearing if the 

 autumn is favourable. liadishes, make a sowing of the various 

 sorts ; the Turnip-rooted, however, are generally preferred at 

 this season. Vegetaiile Marrow, these plants will require a 

 liberal supply of water ; stop the main shoots to cause them to 

 throw out laterals. Immediately a crop is done with either 

 remove it to the char-heap or dig it in, in either case sprinkle 

 the gi'ound with lime to destroy slugs. 



FEniT GARDEN. 



Grape Vines against walls to have the young shoots trained 

 from the lower part of the wall for bearing next year. See that 

 Peaches, Nectarines, and Apricots oi-e nailed, if not alreadj' 

 done, as the wind is sometimes very strong about midsiimmer 

 aud makes sad havoc with the shoots. Currants and Goose- 

 berries require all watery useless shoots to be thinned out. It 

 is a good plan for keeping Bed Currants till the latest period 

 for tarts, etc., to select some of the best bushes on a dry day, 

 and thin aU the shoots from the fruit ; drive a strong stake in 

 the middle of the bush, and tie all the branches to it, then 

 wrap one or two garden mats aroimd it. 



FLOWER GARDEN. 



Remove suckers from Eoses, and clear the stems of wild 

 shoots. Sti'ong shoots of Chrysanthemums may now be layered 

 in pots to produce dwai-f compact bushes. Those iu pots may 

 soon receive their final shift. Ranuncirluses may be taken up 

 as soon as the foUage has turned yellow ; for should wet weather 

 continue they might emit fresh fibres, and if taken up then 

 they are likely to be worthless. Plants gro'w-ing in baskets or 

 vases should now have a final stining at the roots before the 

 surface is entirely covered with foliage, likewise put on a layer 

 of moss to prevent excessive evaporation, and thus save some 

 labour in watering, which they would otherwise frequently 

 require, as they are generally elevated above the surrounding 

 surface, and therefore more exposed to the sun's rays. Beai" 

 iu mind that Fuchsias in vases should be attended to daily as 

 regards watering, it is inattention to this that causes the bloom 

 to drop, and in the course of time renders the plant unsightly. 

 Remove all decayed flowers and seed-vessels from American 

 plants. Now is a good time for layering Rhododendrons, Bel- 

 gian Azaleas, &e., just as they are coming into full growth. 

 Shrubs grown to embellish ItaUan and geometric flower gardens, 

 terraces, &c., should now be cut into the figure they are to 

 assume ; in many cases wires will be necessai-y to keep the 

 branches in their proper places at first, when aftei-wards the 

 knife and shears will suffice to keep them in proper form. 

 Portugal Laivrels, Cypresses, Arbor Vita', Yews, Bays, and tree 

 Box are the plants most commonly used for this pm-pose, and 

 when cut into architectural figures are good accompaniments of 

 the above style of gardening. They should, however be clipped- 

 in two or three times during the season to preserve correctly 

 the desired outline. 



GREENHOUSE AND CONSERVATORY. 



Wliile out-door flowers may soon be expected in abimdanoe, 

 nothing should be brought here but what is well grown and 

 bloomed, nor should any plants be allowed to remain that are 

 at all shabby, for it is a waste of means, aud certainly betrays 



