September 19. 1865.] JOURNAL OF HORTICULTUKE AND COTTAGE GARDENEB. 



arc plnnted rather ilovatcd, ftnil liavp no prcat room. If such 

 a Grape foiilcl \n' secureil frcnii crackinj;, few woulil beat it for 

 rich flavour. AVo liavo liiul very (,'oiia bmiclieH in a vinery, 

 ■where the roots were eovcred witli Rlass, after the second Bwell- 

 in^', and pleuty of air given. l-"or Strawberries, vineries, &c., 

 see previous week's directions. 



ORNAMENT.^I. DEPARTMENT. 



The chief work has been inaeliinini,' part of the lawn near 

 all the flower-beds— the machine milking beautiful work, and 

 proeeediug with cuttinj^s of (ieruuimns in a wholesale way. 

 We always decline taking them very e:irly, as it always, less or 

 more, interferes with the beauty of the beds and their regular 

 outline. Wo were forced to water some Calceolaria-beds. The 

 Geraniums stand the heat well ; but even they would bo the 

 better of being watered, as, if this weather continue, and 

 should be followed by heavy rains, the most of tlio bloom will 

 be destroyed. If the rains come after some moisture is thrown 

 into the stems, the trusses will stand the change much better. 

 Such kinds as Treutbam Rose needed a good deal of picking. 

 .Sec Mr. Robson's article on plants that stand best. We want 

 more upright and spiral plants, as Pentstemons, &c., to contrast 

 with flat-headed flowers. Of this more presently.— R. F. 



COVENT GARDEN JLVRKET.— Septembeb l(i. 



The continued hot wealbcr canscs heavy supplies of both fruit anil 

 veRetaWes, ami of Pears cspeciallv. Many of the later sorts are liroucht 

 to market quite fit for use. .\moni; such are Louise Bonne of .Jersey, 

 Duehesse (VAn^ouU-nic, and GIou Moreoau. This augurs badly for tun 

 winter supply. ' Forei!.'n imports are very limited, with the exception ot 

 Grapes, which are coiuint^' in in lartje (juantities. Potato market heavy 

 at last quotations. A great quantity turn out Iiadly diseased. 



.\pples i sieve 



Apricots doz. 



ChoiTies lb. 



Chestnuts bush. 



Corrants, Red A sieve 



Black do. 



Figs doz. 



Filberts lb. 



Cobs do. 



Gooseberries. . i sieve 

 Grapes, Hambro.. . lb. 



Muscats lb. 



Lemons 100 



.^i-tichokcs each 



.\sparagus. . . . bundle 

 Beans Ei-oad.. busliol 



Kidney do 



Beet, Red doz. 



Broccoli bundle 



Brus. Sprouts .. -^ .sieve 



Cabbage doz. 



Capsicums 100 



Carrots bunch 



Cauliflower doz. 



Celery bundle 



Cucumbers each 



pickling doz. 



Endive score 



Fennel bunch 



Garhc and Shallots, lb. 



Herbs bunch 



Horseradish . . buniUe 



s. d. s. d 



1 Oto2 







1 

 II 

 (I 

 II 

 9 



11 

 (I 







1 6 

 » » 

 8 14 



Melons. . . 



Slulberries pi 



Nect.ariues 



Oranges 



Peaches 



Pears (kitchen). . 



dessert 



Pine Apples . . . . 



Plums i 



Quinces i 



Raspberries . . . . 



Strawberries 



Walnuts 



s. d. s. d 



each 2 Oto 5 



unnet 6 10 



doz. 



100 10 20 



doz. 



doz. 

 . doz. 

 ..1 b. 

 sieve 

 sieve 

 .. lb. 

 lb. 











bush 14 20 



TEGETABLES. 



s. d. s. d 

 4to0 6 

 

 





 



3 



2 





 

 2 







1 6 



2 



S 



8 

 

 

 8 

 

 

 

 

 

 4 



Leeks bunch 



Lettuce per score 



Mushrooms pottle 



Mustd. & Cress.punnet 

 Onions . . . .per bushel 



pickling quart 



Parsley i sieve 



Parsnips doz. 



Peas quart 



Potatoes bushel 



Kidney do. 



Radishes doz. bunches 



Rhubarb bundle 



Savoys doz. 



Sea-liale basket 



Spinach bushel 



Tomatoes ^ sieve 



Tni'nips bunch 



Vegetable Man'ows dz. 



s. d. s. d 

 8 to 

 fl 1 



1 6 



2 



S 







2 (> 

 







1 

 9 



2 fi 



3 

 

 

 





 2 



1 



4 



1 



G 



1 



2 

 1 



4 n 



4 



1 

 n 

 

 



3 



2 

 (1 6 

 2 



TRADE C.-VTALOGUES RECEI\"ED. 



W. Hooper, St. John's Hill Nursery, Wandsworth. — List of 

 Hyacinths, Tulijis, Crociises, and other Flou-cr Rootx. 



Ferdinand Gloede, aux Sablons, near Moiret-sur-Loing (Seine 

 et Mame), France. — List of New and Beautiful Stran'berricf:. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



.» We request that no one will write privately to the depart- 

 mental writers of the "Jom-ual of Horticulture, Cottage 

 Gardener, and Country Gentleman." By so doing they 

 are subjected to unjustifiable trouble and expense. AJl 

 communications should therefore be addressed soleli/ to 

 The Editors of the Journal of Horticulture, dtc, 171, i'leet 

 Street, London, E.C. 



Many t|iiestions must remain imanswered until next 

 week. 



Books (J. ffcrrl. — A new and much enlarged edition of Dr. Hogg's 

 ' Fruit Manual " is in the press, and will shortly be published. 



N.B. 



Calikounian PuMi'.— I have seen the above-named pump in full opera- 

 tion. It is a most iligenimiK and powerful machine, at a very Hniall cost. 

 It was shown at the Rovjil Agrii-ultural Meeting at Newcastle last ycor. 

 and I tllink the cxhiliitor has liis place in Hollioni. " Wkst CkoydoN " 

 will ascertain this bv procuring from some of his tnrincr Iricnds a 

 Society's catalogue; nnv gentleuuui who visited that show will be sure to 

 have liept his catalogue. 1 have a full dcBcripticoi and drawing of it, 

 which I cannot find at present or I should have forwarded it.— Jackson 



GiLI-nANKS. 



Friit p.aten by Flies, Wasps, &c. {Jumen J'lia).— The only remedy 

 that we kuow is to have Nottiugliani net stretched over the openings of 

 the windows and vcutilattns, and putting the fruit on the walls into very 

 loose bags of the same material. 



SKEDI.1XG Gehaniums (F. G., An OU fluh'rriWr).—'Thc petals were all 

 shod. The trusses are bold and abundant-IUiwcred, but not novel in 

 colour. You had better send some specimens to the Floral Committee of 

 the Itoyal Horticultural Society. 



Vines in Pots is Grocnd Vinekv (II'. S. IF.).— Yon will have no diffi- 

 culty iu doing as you wish, if you fink the pots in the earth, and raise 

 the sides as you'suggcst. We liave so grown Vines and ripened Black 

 Hamburgh Grapes; but we trained the rods along wires, ami did not 

 grow the Vines as bushes, which you propose to do. We shall be obliged 

 by the repoi-t you offer us. 



l'i,ANTi.-jG Shuuds ox A Lawn {J. H. //.).— Thc soil in which all trees 

 and shrubs are to be planted would be better trenched 2 feet deep. The 

 holes iu your case, and in all cases uf tree planting when prac^tieable, 

 ought to'be dug out to a depth of 2 feet, and bo wide that no root of the 

 trees or shrubs may bo nearer the sides than 2 feet. With your 

 15 inches ot good loam it would bo well to take out the soil to that depth, 

 place it on one side, and then dig out the clay, removing any that is very 

 bad and replacing it with soil of a better quality. The soil at the bottom 

 is to be stirred to a depth of fi inches, and tlie hole to be tlirce-partB 

 filled with the soil from thc bottom and the top, mixed together in the 

 proportion of one-third of the latter to two of the former. This will 

 leave a part ot the top soil, which, being ineoriiorated with some fresh 

 compost, as decaved turf, will answer perfectly for planting the shrubs. 

 Plant them so as'to bo slightly elevated above the surrounding ground 

 level to allow of the soil settling, for if planted on a level with the sur- 

 rounding soil the trees will, from the subsidence of the soil, apiiear in a 

 year or two as if in a hole. .\U the Fir and Pine tribe do much better 

 planted on elevated mounds. Holes C feet in diameter will bo sufficiently 

 wide for ordinary-sized trees. 



PoTTlKG Aucubas (Llemt. — The top spit of a pasture chopped witha 

 spade could not be improved upon for potting these shrubs. If the soil is 

 free from stones larger than a walnut sifting it would i»e more injurious 

 tliau beneficial. A little rotten duug would be good if the soil is poor, 

 oue-fourth well incorporated. Sand, on the other hand, would be 

 desirable if the soil is heavy. 



Wintering Dianthcs Heddewigii (E. A, P.). — Young plants will do 

 admii-ably pricked out in rows G inches apart and 3 inches in the rows, in 

 a sunny sheltered situation, and in a light di-y soil. On a wet soil they 

 sometiines suffer from frost and wet, and we have been obliged to winter 

 them in a cool greenhouse. On a dry gravelly soil we have them now as 

 hardy as Sweet Williams ; ncvei-tbeless we have a few plants in pots, and 

 keep'them in a cool greenhouse, where they are found useful for their 

 bloom in autumn, winter, and spring, in fact they bloom successively 

 almost throughout thc year. 



Removing Leaves from Vines (Idevi). — The leaves should not be 

 removed from thc Vines at any stage of their growth, for what is 

 required for the formation and gi-owth of the fruit is also necessary for 

 its perfection, and the perfection of those shoots producing the fruit in a 

 future season. The fruit will not swell, nor will it ripen perfectly if the 

 leaves above and ai'ound it are removed. 



Wintering Geraniums and CixcEOtARlAS (Bert). — Your pit will 

 answer perfectly for the wintering of Calceolarias, if protected from 

 severe frost by a thick covering of mats or straw, and the sides banked 

 up with litterto prevent frost entering. The pit should not be opened 

 whilst frost continues, but be kept closely covered even if the frost last 

 for weeks. In your brick pit you will have room for a thousand Calceo- 

 laria cuttings, which you may put in any time after September, before 

 the plants are frosted, placing 3 inches of i-iver sand on the soil wherein 

 the Cucumbers were grown, dibbling them in about li inch apart, 

 and giving a good watering to settle the sand about them. They 

 cannot have too much air, nor too little heat, all they want being air and 

 protection fi'om frost. Towards the end of March they may be trans- 

 planted into trenches prepared as tor CeleiT, kept weU watered, and pro- 

 tected by mats from frost until finally planted out. The Geraniums 

 would do best in the spare room, kept without water, or no more given 

 than a little to prevent their drying up. They must be removed to a 

 place secure from frost during its continuance, Imt so long as there is no 

 frost in the room it will answer very well for the Geraniums. The pit 

 mil be too moist for them to be wintered in it safely. 



CucuilBERS FAILING (F. A. Hill), — ^^\'e have not experienced any disease 

 in our Cucumbers this season, except with the ridge ones, which have 

 been for the most part a failm-e, and then, as in yom- ease, they collapsed 

 all at once without apparent cause. We thinlc your soil was much too 

 rich in the iirst instance, loam from rotted turves being of itself suflB- 

 ciently rich without fui'ther admixture of manure. One-half of this is 

 alone sufficient to induce disease. As for the bog soil we do not see its 

 utihty. There is no better soil for Cucumbers than the top spit of a good 

 pasture laid up in alternate layers with fi-esh dung for twelve months, and 

 turned over once iu summer, and twice in winter during di-y frosty 

 weather, adding a bushel of soot to every cartload at the first tiu-ning. 

 Tile best preventive of the disease we have found to be fresh and well- 

 aired soil. The syiangiug with Gishurst would be sufficient to cause the 

 destruction of the leaves, and tu"e heat by night, instead of mitigating the 

 evil, would only hasten the death of the plants. The only effectual 

 remedy that we have foimd available is to use only moderately rich, fresh, 

 sweet, weU-aii-ed soil, and to keep the plants frequently changed, instead 

 of depending on one set of plants — that is, to keep on raising plants, sow- 

 ing evei"y six weeks or so in order to have plants ready to take the place 

 of the diseased, after removing eveiT particle of the old soil. It is an 

 easy matter to throw the plants away should they I'emain healthy and 

 fruitful throughout the season. 



