262 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTUEE AND COTTAGE GARDENEE. 



[ September 26, 1865. 



COVENT GARDEN MARKET —Septembeb 23. 



Market well supplied, but not to the samecxt'nt as twoorthree weeks 

 npo. Peaches and Nectarines may be considered nearly over. Filberts 

 and Cobs are not likely to prove an average crop; but Walnuts are very 

 plentiful. Vegetables are abundant. Of Potatoes the supply is very 

 heavy, and unfortunately there is ample evidence of the wide spread of 

 the ^sease. 



FKUIT. 



Apples i sieve 



Apricots doz. 



Cherries lb. 



Chestnuts bush. 



Currants, Red ^ sieve 



Black do. 



Figs doz. 



Filberts lb. 



Cobs do. 



Gooseberries. . i sieve 

 Grapes, Hambro.. . lb. 



Muscats lb. 



Lemons 100 



Artichokes each 



Asparagus bundle 



Beans Broad. . bushel 



Kidney do 



Beet, Red doz. 



Broccoli bundle 



Brus. Sprouts. .^ sieve 



Cabbage doz. 



Capsicums 100 



Carrots bunch. 



Cauliflower doz. 



Celery bundle 



Cucumbers each 



pickling doz. 



Endive tcove 



Fennel bunch 



Garlic and Shallots, lb. 



Herbs bunch 



Horseradish . . bundle 



Melons each 



Mulberries punnet 



Nectarines doz. 



Oranges 100 10 



Peaches doz. 3 



Pears (kitchen)., doz, 



dessert doz. 



Pine Apples lb. 



Plums A sieve 



Quinces | sieve 



Raspberries lb. 



Strawberries lb 



d. s, 

 0to5 

 6 1 



Walnuts bush 14 



Leeks bunoh 



Lettuce per score 



Mushrooms pottle 



Mustd. & Cress. punnet 

 Onions i>er bushel 



pickling quart 



Parsley ^ sieve 



Parsnips doz. 



Peas quart 



Potatoes bushel 



Kidney do. 



Radishes doz. bunches 



Rhubarb bundle 



Savoys doz. 



Sea-kale basket 



Spinach bushel 



Tomatoes ^ sieve 



Turnips fiuneh 



Vegetable MaiTows dz. 



s. d. E. 



3 too 

 9 1 

 6 2 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



•♦* We request that uo one will write privately to the depai't- 

 mental writers of the " Joui'nal of Horticiiltm-e. Cottage 

 Gardener, and Coimtry Gentleman." By so doing they 

 are subjected to unjustifiahle trouble and expense. All 

 coniniuni cations should therefore be addressed solely to 

 The Editors of the Journal of Horticultur€j d'C, 171, Fleet 

 Street, London, E.G. 



We also request that correspondents will not mis up on the 

 same sheet questions relating to Gardening and those on 

 Poultry and Bee subjects, if they expect to get them an- 

 swered promptly and conveniently, but write them on 

 separate communications. Also never to send more than 

 two or three questions at once. 



Books {A Su!».frr(6rr).— Stephens's "Book of tho Farm." Of. WA.— 

 "The Garden Manual" and "The Vine Blanual." The first can be had 

 free bv post from our office for twenty postage stamps, and the second 

 for thirty-two stamps. (T. E.)— There is no book devoted to directions 

 for laying out large pleasiu-e grounds, beds. &e., but the first volume of 

 Mcintosh's ''Book of the Garden," price £2 10s.. contains full direc- 

 tions and many illustrations. The " Feni Manual " contains the entire 

 culture of stove, greenhouse, and hardy Ferns. You can have it free by 

 post from our office for 5s. 4(1. in postage stamps. {J. TT.il/.).— Bentham's 

 "Illustrated Handbook of the Bi-itish Flor;i." £3 10». 



Lawn Injured by Grubs (Hortux).—i:he gi-nbs sent are young larvfo of 

 the common cockchafers. You should have set childi-en to kill the 

 beetles in the summer. The lawn should be turned up and ducks turned 

 in. Watei-ing with gas tar water repeatedly may be of senice, as the 

 grubs are but small at present. — W. 



Essex Rtv-al Pea.— Will Mr. Eley oblige old "Xickereor" mth the 

 parentage of Esses Rival Pea, for hereby " hangs a tale ? " Should this 

 not reach Mr. Eley, " Nickebboe " will feel obliged by any of his friends 

 foi*warding the information. 



Plantikg Lilium candidum (A. .5) m).— Now is a good time to take this up, 

 planting as soon afterwards as convenient. It should be planted in good 

 loamv soil, though it will do equally weU, if not better, in peaty soil, 

 Stirred to a good depth, and if hght'a httle weU-rotted manure or leaf- 

 mould will be beneficial. The roots should be covered about 3 inches 

 with light rich soil. The situation should be open. Good, sound, flower- 

 ing roots are worth Ss. or is. per dozen. 



Treatment of Night-blooming Stocks (Wcml.— They may be pro- 

 cured of any London or large provincial nurserjTuan. They are of the 

 most easy culture if kept near the glass in a diy, cool, aii->' part of the 

 greenhouse. No more water should be given them during winter than 

 sufficient to keep them just moist, and. as they are hable to damp off at 

 the collar from frequent and injudicious watei-ings, good drainage should 

 be provided. If kept cool, dry, and airy they grow and bloom through 

 the winter. 



Dahlia— Fuchsia— Asteb (N. B.).—l! the seedling Dahlia prove to be 

 very dwarf it will be an acquisition. The Aster is valueless, and the 

 Fuchsia one of a myriad that are unnamed. 



The Pine-Apple Manual {Horatio Pigpot). — There are not separate 

 drawings supplied of fruit, succession, and nursing-houses ; but there are 

 a section and a ground plan of tho fruiting-stove,andthe others are stated 

 to be of the same width, the dimensions differing only in length. The 

 range, of course, will be the same height throughout, othei-wiso it would 

 bo unsightly, and more expensive to build. The height can he easily 

 ascertained from the section. The glass roof is in one plane, and the 

 plants can be raised so as to be at a proper distance from it whatever 

 may be their stage of growth. It is easier to raise or lower the plants 

 than to move the glass; therefore it is best to have the glass at a imiform 

 height from end to end of the range ; and the width being uniform, the 

 heights of the back and front walls must each respectively be so. The 

 propoi-tions you mention for the lengths of the fruiting, succession, and 

 nui'sing compartments are nearly enough those recommended by the 

 author. Fifj. 4, it should have been stated, is a section of the Pine-stove 

 at Enville Hall, which, however, is readily understood from the context. 

 Sheds at the back of ranges of hothouses should run the whole length of 

 the range. They are always understood to do so by pi'actical men. 

 Amateurs vnR find it not so easy to perfect the fi'uit of the Pine Apple in 

 April as they would in May, June, and July ; and Queens can be the 

 most easily started into frait ; biit the plauts must first be fairly grown ; 

 their grow-th checked gradually, but not through starvation by cold (see 

 page 24). The du-ections given for the successful growth of a hundred 

 plants are apphcable to that of ten. or to that of one ; but, amongst many, 

 some may fail without the loss being much observed compared ^vith the 

 failure of a few where only few are groivn. You may grow a single plant 

 in a single box frame — Mr. Mills foimd it possible to do so, producing a 

 Providence fruit of the weight of 16 lbs. The compartments into which 

 the range is stated to be divided arc each about 15 feet by IDA feet, and 

 seven such can be comprised in the range. If you divide the length, 

 77 feet, into seven compartments you will find their length run across the 

 rauge. 



Striking Cuttings of Cerastium tomentosum (W. B. M. I*.).— 1st' 

 This is not the right soason for striking cuttings of Cerastium tomen- 

 tosum, though they will do if insci-ted 3 inches apart in light sandy 

 soil, and in a diy warm situation, also in a cold frame, and in pans 

 placed on a hotbed. The be^t time to take cuttings is in March or April. 

 2nd, The process of taking cuttings is very simple, and merely consistsin 

 taking a bundle of the shoots in one hand, and cutting them off with a 

 knife just below the hand as in reaping, the shoots being cut about 

 6 inches long. 3rd, Without any further trimming they are to be planted 

 with a dibble, 3 inches apart, where the edging or line is required, insert- 

 ing them 3 or 4 inches, or two-thirds their length, in the soil, and closing 

 the soil firmly aroimd them. A good watering is then given, and they 

 are watered afterwards during dry weather until established. In March, 

 April, and May the roots may be divided; evei-y part will grow, no matter 

 how small. The dirisions should be planted G inches apart, f«ir a fiingle 

 line or edging from 5 inches to a foot in width, and in a double row for 

 lines or bands of gi-eator width. At the same season the cuttings may be 

 inserted in the same manner, 3 inches apart, in any open situation, where, 

 duly watered, they will be well rooted by bedding-out time, and may be 

 taheu up with balls and planttd where tlie edging is required. Cuttings 

 fi-om 11 to 2 inches long inserted the same distance apart in pans of sandy 

 loam, with an inch of silver sand as. a surfacing, and, after watering-, 

 placed iu a frame, will ]>c well rooted in a fortnight. They may then 

 be hardened off, and aftenvardspricked off 3 inches apart in saudy soil in 

 ft light situation, shading for a few days, and in three weeks or a month 

 planted out 6 inches apart whore they are to remain. Your 3rd and 4tli 

 queries are answered by the reply to the 2nd, and the Cth also, only for so 

 narrow an edging the plants need not be planted nearer than 6 inches, 

 but the nearer they are the mor« quicld^ will they cover the ground, or 

 form that which is desired. 6th, It is to be kept iu shape by clipping 

 with ordinary garden shears the irregular gi'owths, whether side or 

 upright branches, in the fii-st week in July, when tho plauts will have 

 grown sufficiently to fonn the line required, the cUpping tending to 

 make the plant produce those tiny sprays which are one of its most 

 attractive features. The first week in every month it should be clipped 

 at the sides to keep it of the right width, and at top to preserve the 

 proper height, and up to October this will be all it requires. If allowed 

 to remain it will in May be a mass of white bloom far smpassing any- 

 thing of the colour at that season. When the bedding plants are put out 

 the Cerastium should be cut off quite close, and the creeping roota 

 removed ou both sides so as to foi-m the line of the desired width. In a 

 mouth it ^vill be all that could be wished after a sUght trimming. To 

 have it in good order when the bedding plants are put out it should ha 

 trimmed in April. After the second year it will require to be taken up 

 and replanted. 



Vallota purpurea not Flowering {A Yomifj Bcghmcr).— The plants 

 being evergi-een require light in winter, and ought not, therefore, to have 

 been kept imder the greenhouse stage, for what with the drip from the 

 plants on the st:ige, which woiUd cause the roots to rot, and the diminu- 

 tion of light, the growth could uot be perfected. Instead of placing the 

 plants under the stage iu December, and keeping them there until 

 March, we ad^^se their being retained on the stage in the greenhouse, 

 and in the lightest anddi-iest part, from the commencement of Septembec 

 to the end of March, with uo more water than sutticient to keep the 

 leaves from flagging. When tho flower-scape shows the plant should be 

 well wptered, and continue to give water while it remains in bloom. 

 When gi*o\vth commences water abundantly till the leaves attain theiP. 

 full size, after which gradually reduce the water supply, and expose to 

 light and au-. It is an evergi-een, and requires more Uglit when ripening 

 or perfecting the growths made than during theii- formation. Ripen the 

 bulbs well in autumn, keep diy when at rest, and never in the dark, 

 water freely when growing, and "do uot overpot. Witli this treatment it 

 is the freest-blooming and one of the handsomest and most useful of the 

 evergreen Amaryllids. 



Potting and Planting Violets (Pt'cijyJ.-The Russian and Neapolitaa 

 Violets do well either in pots or planted in a bed. They are best in pots 

 when employed for the decoration of the greenhouse or drawing-room, 

 the flowers not being taken from the plants or but sparingly. Plants in 

 pots have the advantage of being readily removed from place to place 

 without injm-y. Violets are beat gi-own in beds when intended solely for 

 the puipose of furnishing cut flowers for bouquets, tilling small vases, 

 &c., as the plants give more and a gi-eater continuance of flowers than 

 when gi-own in pots. 



