Octobers, 1865.] 



JOURNAL OP HORTICULTUIiE AND COTTAGE GAEDENER. 



273 



tlio came with Beam' Diel, though in tho lower part of the 

 town it docs well ns a stumlaril. 



I grow tho foU.iwiiig. all on quince stocks, aa standiirds : — 

 Williams's Bun C'lirrtien, Louise Bonne, Bciirrf d'Amiinlis, 

 lloyennu d'Etc, Sci-l<le, the latter I liavo only just obtained, 

 but the otliers yield tine fruit ; on n wire Irellis .lusc'phine de 

 Malines, t'omte de Lamy, Williams's Bon Chretien, Beurr6 de 

 Oapiaumont, and Marie Louise. These usually do well ; the 

 bloom of the latter was destroyed hy a wet coM week iu May 

 this year, and I think of putting it against a wall. 



I have not been able to fruit as standards or on trellises 

 Beurr6 d'Aremherg, Beunv Uiel, Winter Nelis, (rlou Morceau, 

 and have put them against tho wall. Doyeniu' Dcfais and 

 Doynne Robin are also useless as stamlards, and I shall dis- 

 card them. On tho wall, besides thnso mentioned, I have 

 Jargonelle, Marie Louise, and Cliaumontcl grafted or budded 

 on a Summer Portugal ; they usually do well, as also Louise 

 Bonne of Jersey : I have gathered some tine fruit off it to-day. 

 I am told Doyenne Gris and Beurre Superfin do well as 

 standards, I have not seen them. Uvedale's St. Germain is 

 very fine this year on a trellis. Easter Beurrfi does well as a 

 standard or on a trellis. 



Of course, all the commoner Pears, such as Hessle, fee, are 

 plentiful. Jlanv other tine ones do well, but I only speak of 

 those which I have proved, or know to he successful from 

 those on whom I can depend. — A, Z. 



KITCHEN GARDENING. 



AUGUST. 



The chief work of the kitchen gardener during this month 

 should consist in removing every crop that is done with, or 

 that can possibly be spared, in preparing the ground for crops 

 for winter use, and planting or sowing these. In the first 

 place, the Onions may be pullel up ; and after they are properly 

 dried and stored the ground which they occupied should have 

 a heavy dressing of well-rotted manure, and be prepared for 

 the winter Spinach by digging it one spit and a crumb deep 

 — that is. shovelling each trench out, and laying the soil on 

 the top of the last-turned spit, so that the ground lies light and 

 dry, and is some '2 or 3 inches deeper than it would be by 

 ordinary digging. I think that the after-well-doing of the 

 Spinach will repay a little extra trouble before sowing, which 

 should be done some time this month when the ground is in 

 good working order. 



The first lot of Turnips will no doubt be up by this time, 

 and should receive attention as to cleaning, thinning-out, &c. ; 

 and as it will be time to sow a bed for winter use, the rows of 

 Bedman's Imperial Peas may be taken up, as the Champion of 

 England will be iu by this time, and the Potatoes which were 

 planted between the rows should be taken up, if this has not 

 been already done. After preparing the ground previously 

 occupied by the above crops by manuring and digging, it should 

 at once be sown with '^'hite Stone Turnip. The first lot 

 of Scarlet Runners being removed, the ground between the 

 rows of winter stuff should be forked, laying the earth to 

 the stems of the plants. The Brussels Sprouts, Broccoli, and 

 Savoys should likewise receive the same attention, but previous 

 to so doing the plants should be thoroughly cleared of the 

 fly, which at this season often attacks them in this locality. 

 It has been very troublesome this season. The only effectual 

 remedy that I find for it is to set a sharp-eyed lad, with an 

 ordinary painter's brush, to remove the greater part of the 

 insects from the plants, and then to water overhead with soot 

 water. This operation, and the mo^•ing the ground between 

 the rows, will give the crops such a start that they will need no 

 farther attention till they are fit for use. 



The first row of Celery should receive its final watering of 

 liquid manure, and be earthed-up aliout halfway. With regard 

 to the successioual trenches, a good soaking of liquid manure 

 about t^^ice a-week will keep them all right. What I term a 

 good soaking is allowing fifty gallons of water to thirty yards 

 of trench. If the weather is at aU dry, it is a very good plan, 

 after watering, to draw a little earth to the plants to retain the 

 moisture. A bed of Leeks should be planted at once, if not 

 done before, as they are a first-rate vegetable when projierly 

 grown, and often come in very useful in the ensuing spring. 

 The last sowing of Dwarf Kidney Beans, as soon as fairly up, 

 should receive attention as to watering and earthing-up, for to 

 be of any use the}- must be grown quickly at this time of year ; 

 in fact, if they are not well managed at this time they had 



better not bo sown at all. Tho crop of these now in bearing, 

 between the rows of late Celery, if ibo weather be at all dry,, 

 will scarcely be worth gathering, as the pods will be tough and 

 stringy. Whether KU<'h be the case or not. they will have to 

 be removed towards the end of this mcuith or the beginning; 

 of next; so that the better phm is to look well after ihe last 

 sowings of Dwarf Kulney Beans, Scarlet Runners, and lato 

 Peas ; also attend well to the lieds of Vegetable JMarrows and 

 Mushrooms where the latter are grown. 



About the midtUe of the month sowings should be made of 

 Cauliflower, Cabbages, and a small bed of winter Onions. The 

 early. Coleworts should have the earth drawn to them with a 

 flat hoe, not forgetting to keep the latter very busy among the 

 weeds. For salading there will bo Lettuce and Cucumbers, 

 and the Bataviair Endive will by this time be ready for blanch- 

 ing, by inverting pots over it, or tying it in the same v.-ay as 

 Lettuce when snuUl ; and as the ground on which the second 

 crop of Dwarf Kidney Beans was grown will be at liberty, it 

 should bo heavily manured and deeply dug, remembering that 

 the same piece of grouiul has produced a crop of Coleworts 

 or Savoys, succeeded by spring Spinach, and lastly Ividney 

 Beans, in one season. For the fourth crop I think it de- 

 serves to be well prepared ; and when this has been done it 

 should on the first showery day be planted with the main crop 

 of Curled and Smooth-le.aved Endive, and a row or two of 

 Hardy Hammersmith Lettuce. The Winter White Lettuce 

 should be sown some time during the month, also a final 

 sowing of Endive as a reserve in case of accident. Herbs 

 should be cut and dried if required. — Buentwooh, P. D. 

 {To be continued.) 



IIAINIILTON TALACE. 



Th.vt there is something in a name is all but universally 

 admitted, and it sometimes happens that a high-sounding 

 name is all the merit of the object to which it is attached, and 



I yet that name is maintained simply because the public da not 

 care to look into the matter ; but where it happens that a name 



' calls up associations from which something more than usual 

 is exj^ected, honest John Bull is displeased when Lii nomen- 

 clature is unfairly used. It is, therefore, with no ordinai-y 

 feeling of respect that wo ajiproach a residence to which the 

 word " castle " is attached. Our ideas of a bygone age are called 

 up, and we wonder, while a])proachiug its jiortals, how many 

 generations of retainers of tlie occupiers of the venerable pile 



' have traversed that road before us, and possibly now and then 

 hostile bands as well, leaving enduring traces of ruin and deso- 

 lation behind them. Feelings of this and a kindred aature 

 are entertained when we approach a residence erected on or 

 near the sites of one of those ancient fortresses ; but such 

 feelings we do not entertain when the building we are ap- 

 proaching assumes the more peaceful character of hall, 

 grange, lodge, or villa iu addition to the local appellation. 

 The word "abbey" calls up feelings of another kind, cari7ing 

 us back to an equally distant age with the more warlike castle. 

 These terms, indicative as they are of being the homes of the 

 highest gentry of the land, are nevertheless in themselves a 

 grade lower than one aiSxed to the house of the highest 

 Scottish peer whose residence, Hamilton Palace, I shall here 

 attempt to describe. The appellation " palace " certainly 

 carries with it the idea of its having been the residence of 

 royalty ; expectation accordingly is raised on approaching it, 

 and something noble or grand is expected, and in the jn-esent 

 case the traveller will find his anticipations fully justified by 

 the grandeur of the place he visits. 



Hamilton Palace, the residence of the Premier Duke of Soot- 

 laud, is pleasantly situated on gentle rising ground in the 

 midst of a park of vast dimensions, stretching in all directions 

 to a great distance, and varied by aU those happy features 

 which alike give dignity and beauty to the landscape. Finely 

 undulated, well timbered, and having a river ol considerable 

 importance running through it, it has in itself some claim to the 

 royal dignity which the name of the mansion implies. Rich 

 pasture laud, with grass knee deep, occupies the slopes and 

 levels, while steep declivities fringing the sides of streams and 

 rivers are clothed with trees aiul bushes appropriate to such 

 inaccessible places, and now and then high precipitous rooks 

 frown with all their natural majesty over some chasm or 

 waterf.aU. These features, be it understood, are not the gene- 

 ral ones of the park ; for it is not placed in tb.e mlilst of High- 

 land scenery, but occupies some of the richest land in the 



